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Different types of pathogens - Coggle Diagram
Different types of pathogens
Protozoa
Features
Often transmitted through contaminated water or insect vectors.
Can form cysts to survive harsh conditions.
Single-celled eukaryotic organisms that are larger than bacteria.
examples
Giardia
Entamoeba histolytica
Plasmodium
Helminths
Features
Multicellular organisms that live and feed on a host, causing harm.
Often have complex life cycles involving multiple hosts.
Can be transmitted through contaminated soil, water, or food.
example
Roundworms
Schistosomes
Tapeworms
Viruses
features
Consist of genetic material (DNA or RNA) enclosed in a protein coat.
Can mutate rapidly, making them challenging to treat.
Non-living infectious agents that require a host cell to reproduce.
example
HIV
SARS-CoV-2
Influenza virus
Prions
Features
Lack genetic material (DNA or RNA).
Cause slow-developing, fatal diseases that affect the nervous system.
Misfolded proteins that cause other proteins to misfold, leading to disease.
Example
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
Bacteria
Features
Single-celled microorganisms with no nucleus (prokaryotic).
Can reproduce rapidly through binary fission.
Some bacteria are beneficial (e.g., gut bacteria), while others cause diseases.
examples
Salmonella
tuberculosis
Streptococcus
Fungi
Features
Thrive in warm, moist environments and absorb nutrients from their surroundings.
Can be harmless, beneficial, or pathogenic.
Eukaryotic organisms, which can be single-celled (yeasts) or multicellular (molds).
examples
Aspergillus
Ringworm
Candida albicans