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Connect & Protect: Networks & Network Security - Coggle Diagram
Connect & Protect: Networks & Network Security
Network Structure
A group of connected devices
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A network that spans a large geographical area like a city, state, or country.
Local Area Network (LAN)
A network that spans a small area like an office building, a school, or a home.
Network Tools
Router
A network device that connects multiple networks together.
Modem
A modem is a device that connects your router to the internet, and brings internet access to the LAN.
Switch
A device makes connections between specific devices on a network by sending and receiving data between them.
A switch is more intelligent than a hub. It only passes data to the intended destination. This makes switches more secure than hubs.
Hub
A network device that broadcasts information to every device on the network.
Virtualization Tools
Pieces of software that perform network operations.
Virtualization tools carry out operations that would normally be completed by a hub, switch, router, or modem, and they are offered by Cloud service providers.
Cloud Network
A collection of servers or computers that stores resources and data in a remote data center that can be accessed via the internet.
Cloud Computing
The practice of using remote servers, applications, and network services that are hosted on the internet instead of at a physical location owned by the company.
Cloud Service Providers (CSP)
A company that offers cloud computing services. These companies own large data centers in locations around the globe that house millions of servers.
On-Demand Storage
Processing Power
Business & Web Analytics
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Refers to software suites operated by the CSP that a company can use remotely without hosting the software.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Refers to the use of virtual computer components offered by the CSP. These include virtual containers and storage that are configured remotely through the CSP’s API or web console.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Refers to tools that application developers can use to design custom applications for their company.
Hybrid Cloud
When organizations use a CSP’s services in addition to their on-premise computers, networks, and storage, it is referred to as a hybrid cloud environment.
Software-Defined Networks (SDNs)
SDNs are made up of virtual network devices and services.
Benefits of Cloud Computing & SDNs
Three of the main reasons that cloud computing is so attractive to businesses.
Cost
CSPs reduce costs by offering virtual services, eliminating the need for companies to manage their own infrastructure.
Scalability
CSPs offer scalable, pay-as-you-go services, reducing the risk of overinvestment in hardware. Changes, like adding firewalls or intrusion systems, can be implemented quickly via APIs or web consoles, improving security and performance.
Reliability
Refers to the consistent availability, secure connections, and effective operation of cloud services, ensuring employees and customers can access needed resources with minimal interruptions.
TCP/IP Model
A framework that is used to visualize how data is organized and transmitted across the network.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
An internet communication protocol that allows two devices to form a connection and stream data.
IP (Internet Protocol)
IP has a set of standards used for routing and addressing data packets as they travel between devices on a network.
Port
A port is a software-based location that organizes the sending and receiving of data between devices on a network. When data packets are sent and received across a network, they are assigned a port.
Port 25
which is used for e-mail,
Port 443
which is used for secure internet communication,
Port 20
for large file transfers.
Layers
2. Internet Layer
The internet layer is where IP addresses are attached to data packets to indicate the location of the sender and receiver. The internet layer also focuses on how networks connect to each other.
3. Transport Layer
The transport layer includes protocols to control the flow of traffic across a network. These protocols permit or deny communication with other devices and include information about the status of the connection.
1. Network Access Layer
The network access layer deals with creation of data packets and their transmission across a network. This includes hardware devices connected to physical cables and switches that direct data to its destination.
4. Application Layer
At the application layer, protocols determine how the data packets will interact with receiving devices. Functions that are organized at application layer include file transfers and email services.
Network Communication
Data Packet
A data packet is a basic unit of information that travels from one device to another within a network.
Header
Includes the IP address, MAC address and Protocol number.
Body
Contains the message that needs to be transmitted to the receiving device.
Footer
Similar to a signature on a letter, the footer signals to the receiving device that the packet is finished.
Bandwidth
The amount of data a device receives every second.
You can calculate bandwidth by dividing the quantity of data by the time in seconds.
Speed
The rate at which data packets are received or downloaded.
Packet Sniffing
The practice of capturing and inspecting data packets across the network.