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Chapter's 4,5,6,7,8 - Coggle Diagram
Chapter's 4,5,6,7,8
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Formatting Options
The << operator can output values of type short, int, long or a corresponding unsigned type.
Numeric System
Integral numbers are displayed as decimals by default. The manipulators oct, hex, and dec can be used for switching from and to decimal display mode
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Methods for precision
int precision() const;
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The key word const within the prototype of precision() signifies that the method performs only read operations.
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Outputting Strings
string s("spring flowers ");
cout << left // Left-aligned
<< setfill('?') // Fill character ?
<< setw(20) << s ; // Field width 20
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