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Ventricular Septal Defect - Coggle Diagram
Ventricular Septal Defect
Pathophysiology
Increased pulmonary blood flow.
Pulmonary hypertension.
Left-to-right shunt due to pressure difference between ventricles.
Risk Factors
Mother's lifestyle habits
Medications
Drugs/alcohol
Genetic
Management
Nutritional support.
ACE inhibitors (for heart failure symptoms).
Diuretics.
Patch closure via open surgery.
Transcatheter device closure (for suitable cases).
Symptoms
In infants
Failure to thrive.
Poor feeding.
Tachypnoea (rapid breathing).
In children and adults
Fatigue.
Shortness of breath.
Risk of congestive heart failure.
Heart murmur.
Diagnosis
Imaging
Echocardiogram
Chest Xray
MRI
Physical Examination
Heart murmur