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Operations - Methods of Production - Coggle Diagram
Operations - Methods of Production
Job production
Individual products made one at a time to suit a customer's needs
Ad
High quality products
Can customise orders
Workers involved in entire production process from start to finish
Dis-ad
Production time is subject to be longer
Investment in machinery may be higher as specialist equipment may be needed
Production costs are higher
Batch production
Where one group of identical products is made at the same time, before moving onto producing the next group.
Ad
Allows flexible production
Inventories of part-finished goods can be stored and completed later
Dis-ad
Producing several small batches is expensive
Different production runs could mean delays and additional costs in production
Flow production
Where identical, standardised products are produced on an assembly line.
Ad
Cost per unit is low
Automated assembly lines will save time and money
Quality systems can be built in for every production stage
Dis-ad
Standardised product is produced
High costs to start the automated assembly line
Work is boring and repetitive, de-motivates employees
Labour/capital intensive
Labour intensive
Products are mainly created by humans. Machinery may be involved but human creativity and skill is key.
Ad
Less expensive machinery costs
Employees can be creative and show initiative
Customised products are easier to make
Dis-ad
Skilled workers will be paid more than unskilled workers
It takes time to train workers
Quality of products can vary
Capital intensive
Products made by mainly machines and equipment but with some human involvement.
Ad
Less employee wages and costs
Quality can be standardised
Machines can work 24/7
Dis-ad
Breakdowns in machinery can be costly
More difficult to customise orders
Set-up costs of machinery can be expensive
Factors affecting which method of production is used
Quality
Cost
Flexibility
Nature of the product