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Eastern frontier of EU settlement Unit 3&4 - Coggle Diagram
Eastern frontier of EU settlement Unit 3&4
British Immigration
Cape Government wanted to increase the number of white people the area.
By enlisting more British people to defend the Eastern frontier against the Xhosa.
There had already been five frontier wars between the Xhosa and white settlers before 1820.
1820: British Gov. paid 4,000 unemployed British people & families to go to the Cape as settlers.
1806: British took over the Cape, about 25 000 (mainly Dutch) European settlers at the Cape.
Ships carrying settlers landed at Algoa Bay.
Each family given small piece of farm land to grow crops.
1820 settlers & farming
1822: Most settlers left farms, worked jobs in small towns on Eastern frontier.
Some settlers were traders in Britain & set up shops and businesses.
Settlers were given land in the Zuurveld.
Traded shop goods for ivory and animal skins with Xhosa across border.
They didn't know farming, or southern Africa.
Remaining farmers planted maize, rye, and barley.
More than half settlers came to Cape from towns and cities.
Began farming with merino sheep, introduced from Britain.
Climate & grazing were perfect for sheep farming.
Great demand in Britain for wool for textile factories.
Sheep farming became very profitable.
1846: wool had become the Cape's most successful export.
Abolition of slavery
This did not mean that slavery had ended.
Ending trade in slaves did not help those already slaves.
1807: British stopped slave trade in all its colonies.
No new slaves could be brought into a British colony.
British question slavery & own involvement in trading slaves.
Slaves could still be bought & sold within colony itself.
Why were slaves freed?
Economic Reasons
People said Britain would be richer if workers in colonies were paid wages.
Workers motivated to work harder if free & paid for work.
Use wages to buy products & help economy to grow.
Slave Rebellions
Two slave revolts took place in Cape Colony in 1808 and 1825.
Other slave revolts took place in other parts of British Empire.
Slaves themselves also played a role in gaining their freedom.
News of slave revolts spread to all slave-owning colonies.
Made slave owners very frightened.
Some slave owners began thinking safer if slaves were freed and paid wages.
Humanitarian Reasons
Believed that slavery was cruel, and against the will of God.
Put pressure on the British government to end slavery.
Most people in Britain thought slavery was wrong & human beings should be free.