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w9 藥理 CNS stimulants - Coggle Diagram

- - - - catacholamine
        (NE,DA) increase
        
        抑制MAO代謝NE,DA
        
        抑制reuptake
        
        作用於VMAT2使NE,DA分泌增加
      - 5-HT increase
    - - comparison
        
        有甲基>沒甲基
        
        右旋(d)>混旋(d,l)>左旋(l)
      - effect
        
        2.euphoric action
        
        3.appetite supression
        
        1.alerting action(RAS)
    - - flash-back倒敘現象
      - sensitization,tolerance
      - withdraw syndrome
  - - - CNS stimulation藥效 > amphetamine
      - duration作用時長 < amphetamine
    - - 主要抑制DAT(block reuptake)使[DA]上升
    - - 肝代謝
      - 尿液排出(Benzoylecgonine,4-48 hr)
  - - - theophyline茶鹼(心刺激、氣管擴張、利尿佳)
      - theobromine可可鹼
      - caffine(1,3,7甲基、刺激胃分泌佳)
    - - block adenosine receptor
        
        caffine:A1,A2A receptor
        
        theophyline:all type receptor
      - high dose:氣管擴張(PDE inhibitor)
      - 皆使cAMP大量堆積!
    - - 刺激CNS、心肌
      - 放鬆平滑肌(bronchial muscle!)
      - diuresis利尿
    - - migraine偏頭痛
      - 氣管擴張劑