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Climate Factors Mind Map - Coggle Diagram
Climate Factors Mind Map
Latitude
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Closer to the latitude will be hotter, 0 degrees latitude has direct sunlight, while in antarctica the sunlight is not direct which leads to a colder climate in antarctica.
Latitude describes how far north or south a place is from the equator. It is measured in degrees. The place closest to the Equator (0 degrees latitude) has the most direct sunlight in the world, which makes the climate hot. In areas of higher latitude the sun's rays are spread over a larger area which makes the climate colder.
Elevation
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Air molecules affects climate, the farther away the molecules the colder the air, the closer the molecules the warmer the air.
Air density affect temperature. Air at a high elevation is less dense so it cannot hold heat, air at a low elevation is super dense so it can hold heat. In a higher elevation the molecules are farther apart which lets the heat from the sun go through the molecules, in a lower elevation molecules are closer together which traps the sun's heat.
Ocean Currents
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Warm or cold currents affects the air and land around them, if a location is near a warm current they will enjoy warmer weather/climate
The global ocean currents circulate cold water from antarctica around the world, cold currents mix with warm currents keeping the world's oceans at a stable temperature, maintains a balance, It's a heat distribution system.
Wind and Air Masses
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Wind is formed by hot air from the Equator and cold air from the poles. Air masses are formed when cold air and warm air meet the warm air is forced up, the air rushes in to fill the space.
Wind. The air at the equator is hot and the air at the poles is cold, when warm air rises cold air rushes in to fill the empty space. We call this wind. In Ontario our prevailing winds come from the WEST. !!! Air Masses. Large body of air, Warm masses from the equator, Cold masses from the equator, Air masses that come over water tend to be warmer
When cold and warm air masses meet, The warm air is forced up the air rushes in to fill the space, the warm cool, condense, and precipitate. The rotation of the earth causes air masses to spin. Because the equator is moving faster than any other part of the planet. If air is moving North away from the equator it will veer to the East because it is traveling slightly faster than the earth beneath it. So hurricanes or storm systems in the Northern Hemisphere usual spin counter clockwise.
Bodies of Water
Near bodies of water, has a lot more precipitation, and keeps the temperature from becoming extreme. In the winter the heat from the water warms the air, and in the summer the water cools the air.
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Bodies of water take a long time to heat up or cool down compared to the surrounding land. The makes the land around the body of water from having extreme weather. In winter, the heat from the water warms the air, and in the summer the water cools the air. Bodies of water provide moisture to nearby land. The water around the bodies of water evaporates, winds pick up the moisture and carry it to land. Therefore, it makes land near bodies of water have a higher chance of precipitation.
Large lakes and oceans take a looooooooooooooooong time to heat up or cool down. Water is very good at retaining heat. All summer long lakes absorb heat from the sun and then in the winter that heat can affect the land nearby.
Mountain Barriers/Relief
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Mountainous areas have high reliefs, relief causes more precipitation. Mountains causes the moist air to rise up, and leads to precipitation.
Mountain barriers change climates in the west coast because in the east mountains block the air and makes the air precipitate. Then, it makes the west coast have less air and makes it hotter.
In mountainous areas there are high reliefs, relief causes more precipitation rates. Mountains causes the moist air to rise. AS the air rises, it cools. Moisture in the air condenses and falls to earth, this is called relief precipitation.
Mountain ranges can form a barrier forces wind to rise up and when warm air is forced to rise up it will be cool and condense and cause precipitation.
