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Philosophy - Coggle Diagram
Philosophy
Arguments
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components
We should get rid of the death penalty, since killing someone is never okay
-first main claim- thеn premise
Killing someone is never okay, therefore we should get rid of the death penalty
-first premise- thеn main claim
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types of arguments:
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An argument is communication in which the speaker is trying to persuade their audience to believe, feel or do something by giving reasons.
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Validity
Modus Ponens/ Affirming the antecedent
(It it rains, there are clouds. It rains=== there are clouds)
Modus Tollens/ Denying the consequent
(If there is snow, it is cold. It isn't cold===there isn't snow)
Invalidity
Affirming the consequent/ Invalid Modus Ponens
(If it rains, there are clouds. There are clouds===it rains)
Denying the antecedent/ Invalid Modus Tollens
(If there is snow, it is cold. There isn't snow===it isn't cold)
Areas
Aesthetics- what makes a thing beautiful, what constitutes art
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Epistemology- what is it to know something, what is necessary in order to be able to claim knowledge
Political Philosophy- what system of government is best, the nature of ideal societies, arguing about what powers a government should have
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Ethics- why some acts are right and others wrong, why some acts are better than others
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Modes of thinking
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Abduction
begins with an incomplete set of observations and proceeds to the likeliest possible explanation for the set
Deduction
starts from a set of general premises and then drawing a specific conclusion, that contains no more information than the premises. general → specific
Definition
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Definitions can be:
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Connotation- the "color", emotional feel