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Cells - Coggle Diagram
Cells
Organelles and Cell Structures
Small structures inside cells that each have a special job to keep the cell functioning.
Nucleus - Holds DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) which has the instructions for everything the cell does, including making new cells
Mitochondria - Produces energy (in the form of ATP) that the cell uses to do its work
Ribosomes - Makes proteins, which are important for building and repairing cell parts
Endoplasmic Reticulum - A network of tubes that helps transport substances within the cell
Rough ER - Has ribosomes attached and helps make proteins
Smooth ER doesn’t have ribosomes and helps make fats and detoxifies substances.
Golgi Apparatus (Golgi Body) - Modifies, sorts and packages proteins and molecules to the right destination
Lysosomes - Contain enzymes that break down waste, old cell parts and unwanted materials
Enzymes
Enzymes make reactions happen faster. For example, they help break down food into smaller parts which the body can then use for energy.
Vacuoles - Storage centres in the cell. Store water, nutrients and waste. Plant cells have large vacuoles and animal cells have smaller ones.
Chloroplasts (only in plant cells) Where photosynthesis happen. Contain chlorophyll to capture sunlight and make food (sugar) for the plant
Cell membrane - Controls what enters and exits the cell, like nutrients coming in and waste going out
Cell wall (in plant cells and some other cells) Provides structure and support outside the cell membrane- helps plant cells keep their shape
Cytoplasm - A jelly like fluid filling the cell which holds the organelles in place and allows them to move around within the cell
Cell Theory
All living organisms are made of cells
Cells are the basic unit of life
Cells arise from pre-existing cells
Types of Cells
Prokaryotic Cells
No nucleus
Simple structure (eg bacteria)
Few organelles
Eukaryotic cells
Has a nucleus
Complex structure (animal, plant, fungi)
Many organelles