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Land Ecosystems and Biomes - Coggle Diagram
Land Ecosystems and Biomes
Desert Biomes
Deserts are biomes that receive very little rain. They are on nearly every conti- nent and are Earth's driest ecosystems.Most deserts are hot during the day and cold at night.Rainwater drains away quickly because of the porous soil
Biodiversity
Animals include lizards, bats, woodpeckers, and snakes.
Plants include spiny cactus and thorny shrubs. Shallow roots absorb water quickly
Human Impact
Cities, farms, and recreational areas in deserts use valuable water.Desert plants grow slowly.
Grassland Biomes
Grassland biomes are areas where grasses are the dominant plants. Also called prairies, savannas, and meadows, grasslands are the world's "breadbaskets”.Grasslands have a wet and a dryseason.Deep, fertile soil supports plant growth.
Biodiversity
Trees grow along moist banks of streams and rivers. Wildflowers bloom during the wet season.In North America, large herbivores, such as bison and elk, graze here. Predators in North American grasslands include hawks, ferrets, coyotes, and wolves.African savannas are grasslands that contain giraffes, zebras, and lions.
Human Impact
People plow large areas of grassland to raise cereal crops. Thus reduces habitat for wild species.
Tropical Rain Forest Biomes
The forests that grow near the equator are called tropical rain forests.Weather is warm and wet year-round.The soil is shallow and easily washed away by rain.Less than 1 percent of the sunlight that reaches the top of for- est trees reaches the forest floor.
Biodiversity
Few plants live on the dark forest floor. Vines climb the trunks of tall trees.Insects make up the largest group of tropical animals. They include beetles, termites, ants, bees, and butterflies.Larger animals include parrots toucans, snakes, frogs, flying squirrels, fruit bats, monkeys, jaguars, and ocelots
Human Impact
People have cleared more than half of Earth's tropical rain for- sets for lumber, farms, and ranches. Some organizations are working to encourage people to use less wood harvested from rain forests.
Temperate Rain Forest Biome
Regions of Earth between the tropics and the polar circles are temperate regions.Winters are mild and rainy.Summers are cool and foggy.Soil is rich and moist.
Biodiversity
Fungi, ferns, mosses, vines, and small flowering plants grow on the moist forest floor.Animals include mosquitoes, butterflies, frogs, salamanders, woodpeckers, owls, eagles, chipmunks, raccoons, deer, elk, bears, foxes, and cougars.
Human Impact
Temperate rain forest trees are a source of lumber. Logging can destroy the habitat of forest species.
Taiga Biome
A taiga (TI guh) is a forest biome consisting mostly of cone-bearing evergreen trees.Soil is thin and acidic
Biodiversity
Evergreen trees, such as spruce, pine, and fir, are thin and shed snow easily.Animals include owls, mice, moose, bears. and other cold adapted species.Abundant insects in summer attract many birds, which migrate south in winter
Human Impact
Tive Larvesting tedures tana habitar
Temperate Deciduous Forest Biome
Temperate deciduous forests grow in tem- perate regions where winter and summer climates have more variation than those in temperate rain forests.Soil is rich in nutrients and supports a large amount of diverse plant growth.
Biodiversity
Animals include snakes, ants, butterflies. birds, raccoons, opossums, and foxes.Most plants, such as maples, oaks, birches, and other deciduous trees, stop growing during the winter and begin growing again in the spring.
Human Impact
Over the past several hundred years, humans have cleared thousands of acres of Earth's deciduous forests for farms and cities.
Tundra Biome
A tundra (TUN druh) biome is cold, dry, and treeless.Permafrost-a layer of permanently frozen soil-prevents deep root growth.
Biodiversity
Plants include shallow-rooted mosses, lichens, and grasses.Many animals hibernate or migrate south during winter.
Human Impact
Drilling for oil and gas can interrupt migration patterns
