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Mind Map 10 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - all parts of a system are connected and influence one another
    - - reinforcing loops
        
        amplify changes
      - balancing loops
        
        counteract changes
    - - small changes in one part of the system can lead to large, unpredictable effects elsewhere
    - - new properties emerge from the interaction of system components
  - - - requires vast amounts of data and sophisticated analysis techniques
    - - requires collaboration across multiple sectors
    - - long-term commitment and significant investment to change entrenched systems
  - - - tackling diseases like HIV/AIDS or malaria with integrated approaches
        
        healthcare, behavior change, sanitation
    - - designing cities to support public health
        
        green spaces, accessible healthcare, pollution control
    - - addressing the interconnection between environmental sustainability and human health outcomes
        
        air quality, water access, extreme weather events
- - - - creates reinforcing cycles that amplify effects over time
      - healthy food availability leads to healthier diet leads to greater demans for healthy food
    - - epidemic progression leads to increase in cases leads to social response leads to slowed spread
      - works to stabilize or regulate the system, maintaining equilibrium
    - - traditional methods often ignore feedback loops
      - feedback leads to:
        
        non-linear effects
        
        long-term, space-time effects
        
        unanticipated, large impacts from small changes
        
        effects strongly dependent on history and sequence of events
  - - - outcomes for one individual depend on the outcomes of others
      - particularly relevant for infectious diseases, where individual cases influence each other
      - contagiousness of behaviors or diseases creates dynamic feedbacks, with individual/group characteristics influencing each other over time
  - - - population health problems often manifest as patterns across groups
      - patterns often result from interaction of processes at different levels
        
        cellular
        
        molecular
        
        individual
        
        societal
- - - - less genetic variation between racial/ethnic groups than within them
      - some genetic markers cluster by geographic ancestry (indicating some biological differences)
      - these markers represent a small portion of total genetic variation, suggesting limited role in health disparities
    - - health disparities exist across multiple health outcomes and are influenced by factors beyond just genetics
      - heterogeneity in racial/ethic health differences over time and across contexts
      - genetic factors are unlikely to explain the bulk of health disparities
    - - gene-gene interactions and gene-environment interactions likely play a critical role in health outcomes
      - even with identified genetic polymorphisms, they do not account for a significant portion of disease risk
- - - - focus on how human activities impact health outcomes
    - - preventing zoonotic diseases
    - - understanding how environmental factors affect both human and animal health
- - - - simulations to predict outcomes based on various inputs and policies
    - - engaging communities, governments, and private sectors in decision-making processes
  - - - focuses on individual, relationship, community, and societal levels
    - - integrating health considerations into policy-making across sectors
- - - - reducing childhood obesity not only through healthcare but by modifying food systems, schools, and urban planning
- - - - economic status, education, housing, and community support
    - - genetics, age, and behavior
    - - air quality, water, climate change