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Sport and Society WALDRON - Coggle Diagram
Sport and Society WALDRON
Barriers to participation
ethnicity- racial discrimination, lack of friends or role models, only British/mainstream sports are accessible, low self confidence, fear of rejection, conflict with religion
gender- little female role models + media coverage, fewer talent pathways, less clubs or teams, little advocation for male dominated sports, gender discrimination
disability- accessability issues, expensive equipment/supervisors, fewer talent pathways, stereotypes, lack of specialist coaches, lack of programs
Solutions?
increase sponsorship/media coverage
provide more opportunites
specicialist training
increase variety of sport
Sport England 'this girl can'
The Rooney rule
stacking= disporoportionate concentration of ethnic minorities in specific positions as a reflection of racial stereotypes
Defining sport in society
society= An organised group of people associated for some specific purpose or with a shared common interest
socialisation= learning of a society's values, norms and practices
primary socialisation= within the family, learning particularistic standards
secondary socialisation= in wider society as adults such as school, work and friends
social control= The way behaviour is regulated by social systems
Social change= an alteration in the social order of society.
How are they linked? success in sport is often a measure of a society's devlopment demonstrating values of health, communication, cohesion and self worth
Social control
Institutions- religion, education, police, family, government, NGBs in sport
cognitive dissonance must occur within institutions in order to irradicated internalised stereotypes and increase personal choice
eg The Change Foundation use cricket as a tool for social change by creating communal peace and cohesion- useful in lower class areas to encourage active participation
targets social issues and inequality at a small scale like school PE clubs and large scale like government policies
Social Action Theory
individuals start social change by interacting with each other positively for better world outcomes
Suffragette movement
began with the individual Emile Pankhurst, a British political activist who was frustrated with the lack of progress
fighting for gender equality by gaining the right for women to vote- allowed in 1918
brought about policital change via activism, coined as one of the most 100 most important people of 20th century by the times
individuals interacting forms small scale teams and clubs or large scale like NGBs or campaign groups
Raising participation
46% of LGBTQ+ dont participate in sport
decreases likelihood of cardiovascular diseases
prevents obesity and improves average national weight
improves mental wellbeing with sereotnin release and rise in self confidence
increases social skillls like communication, team work and coordination
improves concentration and focus in day to day life
economic development due to rising employment from equipment and facility creation
less strain on NHS
Sport England
START STAY SUCCEED
GROW SUSTAIN EXCEL
increases participation in community sport through clubs, coaching, player pathways, volunteers and sport facilities
focus on target groups to establish equality
funded by National Lottery and Department for media, sport and culture
campaigns (This girl can), funding programs (Active ageing) and startegic partners (Active partnerships)
Objectives: increasing activity from all backgrounds + sustaining the sport sector
Kent sport created by combining KCC and Sport England as the active partnership for Kent
Sport development charities
Women in sport
secure change for women to close the gender ineqaulity gap
breake stereotypes against girls in sport
develop policies and concepts
Sporting equals
in partnership with comission for racial inequality
an indpendent voice to serve ethnically diverse communties
erdaicate racism and ethnicity barries in sport
Street games
focus on providing access for low income young people to increase active participation
'Doorstep sport'- right place right time, right people, right price and right style
hashtag HolidaysMatter
Wenlock Olympic games
established by Penny Brookes in 1850 to ecnourage phsysical and moral imporvement for lower class
eg cricket, quoits, football, running
medals for winners encouraged participation
De Coubertin impressed and created Athens olympics inspired by wenlock in 1896
only for Shropsire due to lack of transport anc ommunication
Real/lawn tenni
s
real: played by upper class, rich influenced wins, high moral code, plenty of leisure time, literacy allowed for rules
lawn development: middle class invention in 1800s, males and femlaes allowed, breaking of gender stereotypes (courting, sweating, not good)
1888= LTA formed
Loti Dodd won 5 titles n 1887
Mob/ association football
pre industrial-
no rules- illiteracy
violent- no ethics/ immoral
no fixtures- lack of transport and communication
infrequent- lack of leisure time
influenced by: clergy with land loaning, media with commercialisation, ex public school boys invest money and skill into FA, factory owners start teams
in 1800s: time set aside for workers to play, codification in 1848 by Camrbidge, transport revolution 1825, FA cup imrpoves competition, Saturday half days
Post industrial society
urbanisation- cities lacking space so public facilities to be made, loss of mob football, bad working conditions, high literacy rates, phones and better communication, better wages, new middle class