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More protocols - Coggle Diagram
More protocols
Post office protocol (POP)
Application layer
Used to manage and retrieve mail from a mail server
POP3 is the most commonly used version
Many organizations have a dedicated mail server that handles incoming and outgoing mail for users
Unencrypted, it uses port 110
Encrypted uses port 995
Mail needs to finish downloading on a device for it to be read
After downloading, mail may or may not be deleted from server, so syncing from multiple devuces is not guaranteed
Internet Message Access Protocol
Used for incoming email
Downloads headers of emails and message content
Content remains on email server
Allows users to access their email from multiple devices
Uses TCP port 143 for unencrypted
Uses port 993 over TLS protocol for encrypted
Allows users to partially read email before it is finished downloading
Dynamic host configuration protocol
In the management family
In application layer
Works with router to assign a unique IP address to each device
Provides the addresses of the appropriate DNS server and default gateway for each device
servers operate on UDP port 67
Clients operate on UDP
Telnet
Uses TCP port 53
Used to connect with a remote system
Application layer
Sends all information in clear text
Uses command lines to control another device similar to SSH
Not as secure as SSH
Network address translation (NAT)
Maintains unique IPs
Converts private IP to public IP and vice versa
Makes a table of which private IPs are expecting a response
Usually requires a router or firewall to be specifically configured for NAT
Part of internet layer and transport layer
Secure shell
Uses TCP port 22
Application layer
Uses secure authentication and encrypted communication
Used to control another device remotely
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
Translates IP addresses that are found in data packets into the MAC address of the hardware device
Every device on the network performs ARP and keeps track of IP and MAC addresses in an ARP cache
Does not have a port number
Simple mail transfer protocol
Used to transmit and route email from sender to recipient's address
works with Message Transfer Agent (MTA) software
Searches DNS servers to resolve email addresses to IP addresses to ensure eails reach intended destination