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THEORIES OF BURNER AND AUSUBEL**, David Ausubel’s Theory (Cognitive…
THEORIES OF BURNER AND AUSUBEL**
Key Differences
Teaching Method:
•
Bruner**
: Encourages exploration and creativity in learning.
•
Ausubel
: Uses structured, organized material for easier assimilation.
Role of Learner:
•
Bruner
: Active participant, constructing knowledge through experience.
•
Ausubel:
Passive recipient, linking new information to existing knowledge.
Learning Approach:
•
Bruner
: Constructivist; emphasizes discovery and active learning.
•
Ausubel:
Cognitive; emphasizes structured knowledge and meaningful learning.
Similarities
Importance of Cognitive Development:
Prior understanding plays a role in new learning
Focus on how knowledge is organized and processed mentally.
Both Emphasize Prior Knowledge:
David Ausubel’s Theory (Cognitive Approach)
Advance Organizers
Types:
Expository (explain concepts) and Comparative (contrast with known concepts).
Tools to introduce new material and help structure knowledge.
Assimilation Theory
Emphasis on internal processing and organization of knowledge.
New information is integrated into an existing cognitive structure.
Meaningful Learning vs. Rote Learning
Rote Learning:
Memorization without understanding.
Meaningful Learning
: Connects new information to existing knowledge.
Subsumption Theory
New concepts are subsumed under more general, already learned concepts.
Facilitates deeper learning and long-term retention.
JEOME BRUNER'S THEORY
spiral curriculum
revisits tobics over time at increasing levels of complexity
allows learners to build on prior knowledge
models of representation
Iconic
: Learning through images and visual aids.
Symbolic
: Abstract thinking through language and symbols.
Enactive
: Learning through actions and direct manipulation
DISCOVERY LEARNING
emphasizes active involvement and hands-on experience
encourages problem solving and critical thinking
students learn by exploring and discovering information independently
Readiness to Learn
Emphasizes the role of cultural context and past experiences.
Learners develop understanding when they are ready.