Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
SPECIFIC DEFENSES - Coggle Diagram
SPECIFIC DEFENSES
ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY: specific; includes third line of defense; acquired over time; triggered by antigens; involved various cells, tissues, and organs
antigens: molecules that triggers a specific immune responses; components bacteria or proteins of viruses; enter body by...
direct injection, as with a bite or needle
-
-
-
B lymphocytes: arise and mature in red bone marrow; small percent circulate in blood; major function is to secret antibodies
antibodies: called immunoglobulins (Ig); soluble molecules that bind to antigen; secreted by plasma cells
-
B cell receptor: antibody that remains associated with cytoplasmic membrane; determined by antibody variable region; complementary to 1 antigenic determinant
T lymphocytes: produces in red bone marrow and mature in thymus; part of cell mediated immune response and act directly against antigens
helper T cells: distinguished by CD4 glycoprotein; regulated B cells and T cells during immune response; secretes cytokines
-
-
-
cytotoxic T cells: distinguished by CD8 glycoprotein; directly kill cells infect with viruses or cancer cells
clonal deletion: body removes lymphocytes that direct immune responses against autoantigens; eliminates self-reactive cells
major histocompatibility complex: group of antigens that are glycoproteins found in the membrane; hold and position antigenic determinant for T cells
-
-
antigen processing
T-independent antigen: large antigen molecules with repeating antigenic determinants; B cells bind directly; stimulate B cell into plasma cell
T-dependent antigen: smaller antigens with less accessible antigenic determinants; B cells require T cells to target these antigens
exogenous antigens: APC internalizes the pathogen and digests it into fragments which are contained in a phagolysosome; fuses with MHCII molecules; MHCII inserts into membrane on the outside of the cell
endogenous antigens: intracellular pathogens are digested; fragment binds to MHCI molecule; packaged into vesicles and inserted into membrane so it is displayed
CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY: mounted against endogenous antigens; responds to pathogens and abnormal body cells; triggered when antigenic determinant of pathogen is displayed on host cell surface
T cell regulation: require additional signals from antigen presenting cell; interaction stimulates T cell to respond to antigen
-
-