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20TH C. LITERATURE - Coggle Diagram
20TH C. LITERATURE
- DETECTIVE NOVELS
- THE NORTH-AMERICAN BLACK NOVEL
a) DASHIELL HAMMETT
b) RAYMOND CHANDLER
- THE ENGLISH DETECTIVE NOVEL
a) P. D. JAMES
1.DETECTIVE NOVELS
EARLY DETECTIVE FICTION
- Edgar Allan Poe & Auguste Dupin
POPULAR SUCCESS
- Charles Dickens' Bleak House & Inspector Bucket
- Wilkie Collins' The Moonstone
SHERLOCK HOLMES
- & Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
THE GOLDEN AGE: THE INTERWAR PERIOD
- Agatha Christie The Mysterious Affair at Styles & Hercule Poirot
AMERICAN HARD-BOILED SCHOOL
- founded in the pulp magazine Black Mask
- the Prohibition era & the Great Depression
- Sense of fatalism
- The hard-boiled detective
- Manipulation of POV
2.THE NORTH-AMERICAN BLACK NOVEL
a) DASHIELL HAMMETT
- From detective to author
- Revolutionized detective fiction
- Involvement in Hollywood
- Political activism & blacklisting
- Health issues & financial struggles
THE CONTINENTAL OP
- He is nameless
- Not phyisically imposing
- Profesionalism & detachment
- Doesn't seek glory: not a hero
SAM SPADE
- An anti-hero
- Morally ambiguous
- Inspired by real-life detectives
- Ambivalence towards women
b) RAYMOND CHANDLER
- Raised in England
- Late start as writer
- Hollywood career
- Complicated marriage
- Struggled with Alcohol
PHILIP MARLOWE
- Own moral code
- A loner
- Wit & sarcasm
- Evolving character
- An icon of Los Angeles
- THE UK IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD & WWII
- THE UK IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD & WWII
- MAIN LITERARY AUTHORS
a) VIRGINIA WOOLF
b) D. H. LAWRENCE
c) JAMES JOYCE
d) T. S. ELIOT
1.THE UK IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD & WWII
- Consequences of WWI
- the Roaring Twenties
- Stock Market Crash & the Great Depression
- Great Britain in WWII
2.MAIN LITERARY AUTHORS
a) VIRGINIA WOOLF
- Intellectual environment &
early tragedies
- Bloomsbury Group
- Marriage with Leonard Woolf
- Feminism
- Innovative narrative tecniques
- Mental health & tragic suicide
MRS DALLOWAY
- Single-day plot
- Stream of consciousness
- Mental health & trauma
- Time & mortality
- Gender roles & repression
b) D. H. LAWRENCE
- Humble beginnings & bright student
- Frieda Weekley: his muse
- Close mother-son relationship
- Censorship battles
- Tragic early death
LADY CHATTERLEY'S LOVER
- Revolutionary sexuality
- Social class conflict
- Nature vs industry: symbolism
c) JAMES JOYCE
- Early struggles
- Self-exile from Dublin
- Nora Bernacle: his muse
- Censorship battles
- Polyglot & linguist
- Financial support
A PORTRAIT OF AN ARTIST AS A YOUNG MAN
- Semi-autobiographical
- Greatest bildungsroman
- Stream-of-consciousness
ULYSSES
- Homer’s Odyssey retold in a single day
- Detailed Dublin
- Interior monologue
- Experimentation of language & form
- Censorship & controversy
d) T. S. ELIOT
- Intellectual life & Hardvard education
- American origins, British identity
- Turbulent, then happy marriage
- Ezra pound, Bloomsbury group & Faber and Faber
THE WASTE LAND
- Influenced by WWI
- Complexity: literary & cultural references
- Fragmented narration
THE FOUR QUARTETS
- Inspired by Eliot's religious conversion
- Time & eternity
- Death & rebirth/renewal
- THE UK & IRELAND FROM 1945
- THE UK & IRELAND
a) POLITICAL, SOCIAL & ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
b) PRESENCE IN THE EU
c) IRELAND
- LITERATURE AFTER 1945
a) NOVEL
b) DRAMA
c) POETRY
1.THE UK & IRELAND
a) POLITICAL, SOCIAL & ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
- WWII & 1940s (reconstruction & welfare state)
- 1950s (decolonization, Elizabeth II, immigration)
& 1960s (the Swinging Sixities & social reforms)
- 1970s (joined the ECC & economic crises)
& 1980s (the Thatcher Era: privatization & deregulation)
b) PRESENCE IN THE EU
- ECC creation (1957), later entry (1973) & complex relationship
c) IRELAND
- Economic changes: Post-WWII agrarian economy, protectionism & stagnation > Opening up (economic shift towards free trade)
- Political changes: Republic of Ireland (1949) > joining the ECC (1973)
2.LITERATURE AFTER 1945
a) NOVEL
- the "Angry Young Men"
GEORGE ORWELL's ANIMAL FARM
- Political allegory
- Cautionary story about power
- Language manipulation
1984
- Dystopian about totaliarianism
- Inspired by real-life
- Coined new words/concepts
WILLIAM GOLDING's LORDS OF THE FLIES
- Critique of civilization
- Inspired by his life
J.R.R. TOLKIEN's THE FELLOWSHIP OF THE RING
- Elvish anguages
- Inspired by WWI
- Real places
- the Ring's symbolism
ANTHONY BURGESS' A CLOCKWORK ORANGE
- Linguistic talent
- Free will & morality
- Title's mysterious meaning
b) DRAMA
SAMUEL BECKETT's WAITING FOR GODOT
- Irish origin, French writings
- Struggle with depression
- Theatre of the absurd
- A play with no plot
JOHN OSBORNE's LOOK BACK IN ANGER
- the "Angry Young Man"
- Turning point in British drama
c) POETRY
PHILIP LARKIN
- Poet of the ordinary
- Death & passage of time
- Irony & dark humor
SEAMUS HEANEY
- the Irish countryside
- The Troubles
- troubled Irish identity
TONY HARRISON's V
DYLIAN THOMAS' DO NOT GO GENTLE INTO THAT GOOD NIGHT
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- THE COMMONWEALTH: CULTURAL & LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY
a) THE COMMONWEALTH
b) LINGUISTIC & CULTURAL DIVERSITY
- MANIFESTATIONS ON LITERATURE
a) EDWARD MORGAN FORSTER
b) DORIS LESSING
c) NADINE GORDIMER
a) THE COMMONWEALTH
- Decolonization process
- Current state (53 states)
- International role (Political cooperation, Economic development & Education)
- Cultural diversity
b) LINGUISTIC & CULTURAL DIVERSITY
CANADA
- Bilingualism: Eng. & Fr.
- Multicultural society
AUSTRALIA
- Australian English & slang
- Over 250 indigenous lang.
- James Cook's expedition
NEW ZEALAND
- The Māori language is official
- The Māori culture: the "haka"
- Immigration & Auckland
INDIA & PAKISTAN
- 22 official languages
- English for education, business & administration
- 1.4 billion people & various religions
SOUTH AFRICA
- 11 official lang.: the "Rainbow Nation
- English as a unifying medium
2.MANIFESTATIONS ON LITERATURE
a) EDWARD MORGAN FORSTER
- Matriarchal upbringing
- Inherintance
- Education & Bloomsbury Group
- Extensive travels
A PASSAGE TO INDIA
- Inspired by his travels
- Complex friendship
- Critique of British Imperialism
- Ambiguous ending & separation
HOWARDS END
- Class & social conventions
- Tradition vs change
b) DORIS LESSING
- Colonial childhood
- Self-educated & avid reader
- Marriages & political awakening
- Prolific legacy
THE GRASS IS SINGING
- Based on her childhood
- Racial injustice & opression
- Controversial for its time
- Gender & Patriarchy
THE GOLDEN NOTEBOOK
- Gender/Feminism & Mental health
c) NADINE GORDIMER
- White, immigrant minority
- Started writing early
- A voice against apartheid
- Political activism
- Never left South Africa
JULY'S PEOPLE
- Dystorpian future
- Role reversal
- Symbolic title
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