Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Bio 311C, v (Elements and their bonds, sharing of H atom, Cells, key…

- - - - cell walls
- - - - Mitochrondria to convert ADP into ATP
      - Junctions
        
        gap junctions
- - - - GPCR: Binds GDP, GTP, and activates Adenylyl Cyclase
        
        Subtopic
    - - This is what bonds to the receptors to start a response
    - - PKA: Starts cascade through receiving message from cAMP
        
        Protein Kinase: Receives ATP and adds Phosphate to another protein (repeats process and amplifies)
- - - - Peroxisomes-contains specialized metabolic functions and produces H2O2 which is then converted to H2O
    - - Plasma Membrane-membrane that encloses the cell
      - Subtopic
    - - Mitochondria-where cellular respiration occurs and lots of ATP is produced
  - - - Chromatin-consists of DNA and proteins
- - - - Metaphase I: Chromosomes line up by homologous pairs
        
        Anaphase I: the two homologous chromosomes of each pair separate
        
        Telophase I and Cytokineses: two haploid cells form, each chromosome still consists of two sister chromatids
  - - - Metaphase II: Chromosomes line up by homologous pairs
        
        Anaphase II: Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell.
        
        Telophase II and Cytokinesis: four haploid daughter cells result, containing unduplicated chromosomes.
- - - - Citric Acid cycle (Krebs cycle)-
        uses Acetyl CoA in order to create 1 ATP, 3 NADH and 1 FADH2 electron carriers.
        
        Step 1: Acetyl CoA is combined with Oxaloacetate due to the help of the enzyme acetyl synthase to form citrate
        Step 3: Citrate is dehydrated due to the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase to form Isocitrate
        
        Oxidative phosphorylation-
        utilization of the ETC inside the intermembrane of the mitochondria, to push protons against their proton gradient in order to cause protons to then make them go down their gradient, causing chemiosmosis, in ATP synthase to make 30 molecules of ATP,
- - - - telophase-cells begin to form nuclear envelope around new sister chromatids
        
        cytokinesis- microfilament ring cleaves the cells making two daughter cells