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social influence - Coggle Diagram

- - - - A01: According to Kelman there are three types of conformity, these types are internalisation, identification and compliance. Internalisation occurs when we genuinely accept the view and group norms of the majority. The views of the individual change both publicly and privately because the views have been internalised meaning the behaviour persists in the absence of others. Another type of conformity that occurs is identification, this occurs in situations were we value the group and want to be part of it. Individuals will change there behaviour publicly, even if the person doesn't privately agree. The final type of conformity is compliance. This type of conformity is when an individual just goes along with others and is superficial. The behaviour of the individual changes publicly however there is no change privately when the pressure of the group is gone.
      - A03:
    - - Deutsche and Gerard explained conformity in there two process model, the two parts being normative and informational. Normative social influence is a cognitive explanation and occurs in new or difficult understand situations were what might be right is ambiguous. The individual looks to the group to get the information that they need. This often leads to internalisation as the behaviours and views of the individual occur publicly and privately. The theory also outlines normative social influence, which is an emotional explanation. This often occurs in situations were we fear we may be rejected and wish to be accepted, therefore its more pronounced in stressful situations. We conform to the 'norms' of the group to be part of it.
      - A03: todd and lucas the math questions, Asch most conformed to avoid ridcule?
  - - - group size
        
        Asch wanted to see if the number of confederates would effect the group more than the arrangement of confederates. The number of confederates was changed 1-3 conformity increased by 31.8% after this it tapered off.
      - unanimity
        
        One of the confederates was also told to give the correct answer providing support for the participant. Conformity decreased
      - task difficulty
        
        The gap between the lines was made smaller. Conformity increased
- - - - The agentic-state is a social psychological explanation for obedience. It argues that when an figure above us in the social hierarchy is present we move into an agentic state. In all situations there is someone who we defer to. In this state we feel we are acting as an agent for the authority figure and are therefore not responsible for our actions and powerless to disobey and act from pour own principles, we do however feel guilty. When an authority figure is not present we are in an autonomous state, within this state we feel we have free will and our responsible for our own actions. Between these two state we will experience and agentic shift.
    - - Legitimacy of authority figure argues we conform when there is someone present who we feel has legitimate authority. Most societies are structured hierarchically. We are taught this by our parents and then teachers at school. A consequence of this is that individual with legitimate authority has the power to punish, this is accepted by society and most people are willing to give up some of there independence. Ab example of this is that police have the power to arrest and courts have the power to punish.This authority can become destructive when individuals use there power for the wrong reasons, for example ordering people to do callous actions.
  - - - The authoritarian personality argues we obey as a result of dispositional factors. Adorno conducted a study on 2000 white middle class Americans, he used a questionnaire to measure there unconscious attitudes to other racial groups. He found a strong correlation between high scores and prejudice. Those with an authoritarian personality look for strong leaders, look down on those they view weaker than them and hate uncertainty. They often have conventional attitudes towards sex and race and traditional beliefs such as love of country. There respect for authority and strong leaders means they are incredibly obedient and submissive.