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LUNG CANCER - Coggle Diagram
LUNG CANCER
Definition
type of cancer that begins in the lungs, typically in the cells lining the air passages. It is one of the most common and deadliest forms of cancer worldwide. Lung cancer is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the lungs that can form tumors and, if untreated, can metastasize.
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Pathophysiology
Tumor Growth and Clonal Expansion: Mutated cells replicate, forming a tumor. These cells can evade normal growth-regulating mechanisms, avoid programmed cell death (apoptosis), and sustain their own growth signals.
Invasion and Metastasis: As the tumor grows, it invades nearby tissues and can spread to other organs
genetic mutations: in genes such as EGFR, KRAS, and TP53 -> uncontrolled growth of cells
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Treatment
chemotherapy (eg. Cisplatin and carboplatin, Pemetrexed, Docetaxel and paclitaxel)
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Examination
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Dullness: Over areas with pleural effusion, tumor, or atelectasis
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