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cells - Coggle Diagram
cells
name and functions
cell membrane
-made of lipids and proteins
-partially permeable
-controls movement of substances in and out of the cell
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vacuole
-fluid filled cavity
-stores substances within the cell
--plant cell: large and central vacuole which contains cell sap
-animal cell:small numerous and temporary, stores water and food substances
mitochondria
-carry out aerobic respiration to release energy from food
-energy released is used for cell activities like growth and reproduction
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ribosomes
-either attached to RER or floating freely in cytoplasm
-synthesise proteins
-attached to RER: synthesise proteins to be transported out of the cell or to other organells
-floating freely: synthesise proteins that are used within the cell
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SER
-synthesise fats, steroids
-converts harmful substances into harmless substances through detoxification
golgi body
-chemically modifies substances made by ER
-stores and paclages the modified substances into vesicles for secretion out of cell
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special cells
red blood cell
-contains haemoglobin thatbhelps transport oxygen more efficiently
-no nucleus to in order to contain more haemoglobin
-biconcave shape to increse SA/V ratio for oxygen to diffuse fatser
-flexible and can squeze through capillaries easily
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root hair cell
-has elongated structure to oncrese SA/V ratio so that absorption of water and mineral salts can take place faster
-ribosomes embedded on the outer membrane of the RER synthesise proteins
-the RER transports the synthesised proteins to the golgi body via a transport vesicle which is pinched off from its surface
-the transport vesicle fuses with the golgi apparatus, releasing the protein content into its vesicular space
-the golgi apparatus chemically modifies the protein
-the golgi apparatus sorts, targets and packages the protein into secretory vesicles to be transported around or out og the cell via secretion
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