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Caron and Compounds - Coggle Diagram
Caron and Compounds
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Hydrocarbon
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Saturated
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Alkyne---(Atleast one tripple bond two carbon atoms.) General Formula CnH2n + 2 . Shows addition reaction due to the presence of multiple bond . Simplest or the First memeber is Ethyne
Alkene (Atleast one double bond between two carbon atoms . ) General Formula CnH2n. Show addition reaction due to the presence of multiple bond . Simplest or the First memeber Ethene. Declorise Br2 water.
Versatile nature of Carbon . 1. Shows the property of Catenation. 2. Carbon is tetravalent. 3. Carbon shows the property of isomerisation. :
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Alcohol ---Functional group----OH General formula CnH2n +OH . Chemical Properties--1. Liberate H2 gas on teacting with Na metal. 2. Undergoes dehydration with conc H2SO4 at 443k. 3. Form ester on reacting with carboxylic acid. in the presence of H2SO4. 4. Oxidise in the presence of Alkaline KMnO4 and accidified K2Cr2O7 to form Carboxylic acid.
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Homologous Series 1. Same functional group. 2. Represented by same General Formula. 3. Show similar chemical properties. 4. Gradation in physical properties like mp and Bp increasing with increasing molecular mass . physical state of Hydrocarbon changes with the increase in molecular mass. Lower alcohols like CH3OH and C2H5OH are soluble in water.
Carboxylic acid Functional group ---COOH Properties 1. Liberate H2 gas on reacting with Na metal. CH3COOH + Na-------CH3COONa + H2 2. Form salt on reacting with base like NaOH. CH3COOH + NaOH----------> CH3COONa + H2O 3. Liberate CO2 gas on reacting with sodium Carbonate and Sodium Bicarbonate. CH3COOH + NaHCO3-----------> CH3COONa + H2O + CO2 4.Form ester on reacting with alcohol in the presence of conc H2SO4. CH3COOH + C2H5OH--------> CH3COOC2H5 +H2O
Hard and Soft water . Water is hard due to the presence of chloride, sulphate and Bicarbonate salts of Ca and Mg.
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