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"What is the best method to classify a chemical substance?" -…
"What is the best method to classify a chemical substance?"
What is a chemical substance?
A unique form of matter
Constant chemical composition
Constant characteristic properties
What is meant by "classifying?"
In this case, classifying a substance is identifying the type of bonding and structure a substance has.
What types of bonds are there?
Covalent
Network
2-dimensional
3-dimensional
Molecular
Ionic
Metallic
What differentiating properties does each have?
Metallic
Conductive
Solid at Room Temperature (unless Mercury, francium, cesium, gallium, or rubidium)
High Thermal Conductivity
Reacts with Hydrochloric Acisd
Lustrous
Ionic
Solid at room temperature
Dissolve in water
High in Hardness
High in Britility
Low electrical conductivity unless dissolved in water
Crystalline Structure
Covalent
Network
2D
High Hardness within the layer but easy to separate layers
Varying levels of conductivity
solid at room temperature
High Thermal Conductivity
3D
Low electrical conductivity
High Hardness
Solid at room temperature
Brittle
High Thermal Conductivity
Molecular
Often liquid or gas at room temperature
Brittle and/or soft when solid
Low electrical conductivity
Low thermal conductivity
Why should we classify a chemical substance?
Classifying a chemical substance is important
How can properties be tested?