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ANATOMY OF THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM - Coggle Diagram
ANATOMY OF THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
Main Purpose
of the
Lymphatic System
To
remove substances
that cannot be
drained
and
reabsorbed
by the
bloodstream
.
These substances are labeled
"Lymphatic Loads"
(A term created by
Foldi)
IMP **
Lymphatic loads consist of ** (four main items)
WATER
only a
fraction
of
water
becomes
Lymphatic Load
IMP
10-20%
of water remains in the
interstitial space
This becomes
Lymphatic load
OR what we call...
1 more item...
Water
leaves the
arterial end
of the
BC's
via
filtration
Due to a
pressure gradient
water
and
salts
are pushed out, providing
nutrients
to the
tissues
Because the pressure in the capillary is higher than the pressure outside of the capillary
within
24 hours 2-4 L of water
is returned to the
venous system
via the
thoracic duct
The body cannot afford to lose that much water per day
So
80-90%
of
water
is
reabsorbed
And
lymph
is
recycled
REABSORPTION
occurs primarily at the
venous end
of the
BC
s
Water
picks up
waste products
like
lactic acid
After water picks up all the waste then filtration...
FATS
There are
long-chained fatty acids
and
short-chained fatty acids
Long-chained fatty acids
are re-synthesized by the body into
Chylomikrons
Chylomikrons
are removed by lymph vessels known as
chylous vessels
of the small intestines
Chylomikrons
are a LL absorbed ONLY in the
digestive system
2 more items...
Chylomikrons
cannot be absorbed by the blood of the small intestines.
Instead they are absorbed in the
GI system
1 more item...
Short-chained fatty acids
are reabsorbed by the blood capillaries of the
small intestines
And returned to the
liver
CELL FRAGMENTS
All cells
that become free in the
interstitial space
will become a
Lymphatic Load
90-95%
of this
LL
is made up of
WBC's
Cancer cells
Bacteria
Tatoo ink
Avoid MLD for a few weeks to not absorb tattoo ink
1 more item...
RBC's
Hematoma contents
Spores we inhale, tar, and dirt are also part of the LL
Are
too large
to be
reabsorbed
by the
venous capillaries
PROTEIN
Facts
about protein
Under normal physiological conditions there are
75g of protein/ L of plasma
We have
4-6 L of blood
So, at any time we have
300-450g of protein constantly circulating in the blood
1 more item...
Proteins are
macromolecules
and
hydrophilic
(attracting water)
They are too large to be reabsorbed at the venous end of the blood capillaries
It is the responsibility of the Lymphatic system to remove proteins from the tissue space
And under normal physiological conditions it does
1 more item...
Cytopempsis Theory
Is defined as the
Active Transport
of
larger molecules
through
membranes
BC walls
are
NOT
permeable to
proteins
BUT proteins may be able to leave blood capillaries through
cytopempsis
1 more item...
Cytopempsis - is a one-way street (what direction is it heading in)
Once
proteins
are in the
interstitium
they become
lymphatic load
Functions of Protein
Transport
Water & Insoluble substances (Like: fats, vitamins K and D, and hormones)
Maintain
colloid osmotic pressure gradient
between
blood
and the
tissues
.
Use of protein
To provide
nutrition
to the
cells
Aid in
immune defense
albumin
globulin
Aid in
blood coagulation
fibrinogen
IMP
It is the responsibility of the lymphatic system to remove proteins from the interstitial space
The blood system is a
closed pathway
Arterial blood
leaves the
left ventricle
of the heart...
And flows into the
aorta
From there,
arterial flow
continues via
arteries
,
arterioles
, and
precapillary arterioles
into...
blood capillaries
Blood flow then continues back to the heart via
post-capillary venules
,
venules
,
more prominent veins
, and the
vena cava
into the...
Venules
R. atrium
of the heart
The
R. ventricle
of the heart pumps the
venous blood
into the...
1 more item...
separate the
arterial and venous systems
are covered by a
basal membrane
Which is
semi-permeable
Water, nutrients, O2, and CO2
will
pass through the
basal membrane
of the
blood capillaries
BUT
Leukocytes, Erythrocytes, Granulocytes
will
NOT
Manage the
transfer of nutrients
and
pick up waste products
for the entire body
Water and proteins
are obtained from the
blood capillaries
And become
Lymphatic Load
Lymphatic load
refers to the total amount of substances that need to be
drained
and
processed
by the
lymphatic system
Where O2, nutrients, and other substances are filtered into the interstitial spaces and CO2, and waste products are returned into the blood capillaries
Fascia
- separates the
superficial
and
deep
lymphatic systems
Two categories of the lymphatic system
OR
Deep Lymphatic System
Purpose
to drain the Lymphatic Load from everything but the skin
Usually not seen because
fascia
holds back the swelling
Aka
Subfascial Lymphatic System
Superficial
Drains ONLY the skin
Stimulating the superficial system creates a suction effect that stimulates the deep lymphatic system
The lymphatic system is a
one-way system
starts mindlessly in the
interstitium
and
sweeps
or
filters
the
interstitial spaces
LYMPH VESSELS
Are responsible for
collecting
and
transporting
lymph fluid to
lymph nodes
and back to the
venous system
Lymphatic system is NOT a closed system like the circulatory system
One-way
starts blindly in the capillaries
Lymphatic vessels exist anywhere without blood flow
Ex: Hair, Nails, Bone tissue, epithelia tissue, cartilage, etc
Initial lymph plexus
pre-collectors
perforating pre-collectors
collectors
Where lymph formation occurs