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Kantian Ethics Arguments, For - Coggle Diagram
Kantian Ethics Arguments
Recognises autonomy and freedom (Postulate 1:
ability to act according to one's rational will
)
Supports individuals to make their own decisions rather than attempting to simply things by applying rules like Utilitarianism, using the Hedonic Calculus or applying Mill's Rule Utilitarianism.
Focuses more on negative duty than positive duty
Helping people navigate through clashing duties
a priori synthetic
Allows people to be fully human
Make rational and free decisions
Argument against Utilitarianism (Rule and Prima Facie Duties)
Harsh and inflexible
Trying to reduce the complexity of moral decision making
Huge numbers of highly specific rules
Struggle to support practical decision making
Recognises moral absolutes
While Utilitarianism and Situation Ethics can sometime justify immoral acts such as murder/rape
Which are clearly immoral acts
Avoids problem of prediction
Deontological
Undermines Act Utilitarianism and Situation Ethics
Doesn't need to predict and weigh up consequences with insufficient information (e.g. Hedonic Calculus)
Conscience:
"practical reason holding the human being’s duty before him"
Makes individuals aware of their moral obligations
Highlights importance of reason in ethical decision making
Guide people to act according to universal moral laws rather than personal inclinations/emotional response
e.g. helping my dying grandmother to die quickly rather than suffering on for days give the same maxim as a murdering (which is deeply uncomfortable since the original intention was for grandmother's good)
Situation Ethics
applying the principle of love still justifies actions that would typically be considered as immoral e.g. taking a life as a result
Leads to feelings of guilt
Rooted in human experience
Reason tells us that when we are faced with another human being
Reason demands us that we treat them as we would wish to be treated. Christian "love thy neighbour"
Though reason is abstract, the feeling of empathy that supports it is not and is part of human experience every day
Even though Kant demands us to act out of duty and duty only,
For
Conscience:
"practical reason holding the human being’s duty before him"
e.g. helping my dying grandmother to die quickly rather than suffering on for days give the same maxim as a murdering (which is deeply uncomfortable since the original intention was for grandmother's good)
Situation Ethics
applying the principle of love still justifies actions that would typically be considered as immoral e.g. taking a life as a result
Leads to feelings of guilt
Highlights importance of reason in ethical decision making
Guide people to act according to universal moral laws rather than personal inclinations/emotional response
Makes individuals aware of their moral obligations
Recognises autonomy and freedom (Postulate 1:
ability to act according to one's rational will
)
a priori synthetic
Allows people to be fully human
Make rational and free decisions
Focuses more on negative duty than positive duty
Helping people navigate through clashing duties
Supports individuals to make their own decisions rather than attempting to simply things by applying rules like Utilitarianism, using the Hedonic Calculus or applying Mill's Rule Utilitarianism.
Avoids problem of prediction
Undermines Act Utilitarianism and Situation Ethics
Doesn't need to predict and weigh up consequences with insufficient information (e.g. Hedonic Calculus)
Deontological
Argument against Utilitarianism (Rule and Prima Facie Duties)
Trying to reduce the complexity of moral decision making
Huge numbers of highly specific rules
Struggle to support practical decision making
Harsh and inflexible
Rooted in human experience
Reason tells us that when we are faced with another human being
Reason demands us that we treat them as we would wish to be treated. Christian "love thy neighbour"
Though reason is abstract, the feeling of empathy that supports it is not and is part of human experience every day
Even though Kant demands us to act out of duty and duty only,
Recognises moral absolutes
While Utilitarianism and Situation Ethics can sometime justify immoral acts such as murder/rape
Which are clearly immoral acts