Martian soil could be used to grow plants if large amounts of fertilizer were added as it contains base amounts of necessary nutrients but not in high enough amounts (Ming, D. and Morris, R. (n.d.)). However keeping plants outside would be impossible because of the low temperatures and winds. Temperatures reach below -100 C and plants in the open would freeze to death (Si.edu. (2024)). Winds go at speeds of around 100km/h which would damage stems and rip out roots making long term growth extremely difficult. Another issue is sunlight, Mars receives at most 2/3 of that the we do on (Salisbury, F.B., Dempster, W.F., Allen, J.P., Alling, A., Bubenheim, D., Nelson, M. and Silverstone, S. (2002)) Earth, so plants accustomed to earths lighting would likely need additional artificial sources in greenhouses. Greenhouses would be the ideal structure for farming as they shelter from the wind, but at present, there isn't a transparent material that could resist pressures enough to be built with on Mars. The fertilizer itself poses another issue as its extremely heavy and would be needed infinitely to continue growing plants. A solution for this is using the food waste but because of the small loss of energy each There is research being conducted on extracting carbon from the atmosphere which could then be used to grow organism like algae which are the basis for many fertilizers as well as animal feed and biofuel(Herzog, H. (2023)).