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Introduction to computer - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Input Devices
      - Output Devices
      - Memory
        
        Random Access Memory (RAM)
        
        Read-Only Memory (ROM)
      - Central Processing Unit
        
        Control Unit (CU)
        
        Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
        
        Arithmetic Operations
        
        addition
        
        subtraction
        
        multiplication
        
        division
        
        modulus
        
        Logic Operations
        
        and
        
        or
        
        not
        
        xor
        
        Shifters
        
        logical shift
        
        arithematic shift
        
        Comparators
        
        equality
        
        inequality
        
        greater than
        
        less than
        
        greater than or equal
        
        less than or equal
        
        Registers
        
        General-Purpose Registers: temporary data storage during operations
        
        AX, BX, CX, DX
        
        Special-Purpose Registers
        
        Program Counter (PC)
        
        Instruction Register (IR)
        
        Accumulator (ACC)
        
        Stack Pointer (SP):
        
        Base Pointer (BP):
        
        Cache Memory
        
        L1 Cache: Small and fast cache located within the CPU, usually divided into instruction and data caches.
        
        L2 Cache: Larger than L1, often located on the CPU chip but separate from L1.
        
        L3 Cache: Shared cache among multiple cores, larger than L2.
        
        Buses
        
        Data Bus: Carries data between the CPU, memory, and other components.
        
        Address Bus: Carries the addresses of data (not the data itself) between the CPU and memory.
        
        Control Bus: Carries control signals from the CPU to other components.
        
        Clock Generator
        
        lock Circuit: Generates the clock signal that synchronizes all operations within the CPU.
        
        Memory Management Unit (MMU)
        
        Address Translation: Translates virtual addresses to physical addresses.
        
        Memory Protection: Manages access permissions for different memory areas.
        
        Execution Units
        
        Integer Unit: Executes integer operations.
        
        Floating-Point Unit (FPU): Executes floating-point operations.
        
        Vector Processing Unit: Executes vector operations for SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data).
        
        Input/Output (I/O) Interfaces
        
        Interrupt Controller: Manages interrupts and signals to the CPU.
        
        Direct Memory Access (DMA) Controller: Manages data transfer between memory and I/O devices without CPU intervention.
        
        Microarchitecture
        
        Pipelines: Allows overlapping instruction execution to improve throughput.
        
        Superscalar Architecture: Supports multiple instructions per clock cycle.
        
        Out-of-Order Execution: Allows execution of instructions in an order that optimizes resource usage.
      - Storage Devices
        
        Hard Disk Drives (HDD)
        
        Solid State Drives (SSD)
        
        USB drives.
      - Networking Components
        
        Network Interface Cards (NIC), modems, routers, switches.
        
        Network interface card
        
        switches
        
        modems
      - Power Supply
      - Cooling Systems
        
        Fans
        
        heat sink
      - Expansion Cards
        
        Sound cards, additional USB ports, video cards.
        
        Sound card
        
        USB Ports
        
        Video cards
      - Motherboard and Buses
        
        Motherboard
        
        Data Bus
        
        Address Bus
        
        Control bus
    - - Os
        
        OS Definition
        
        OS Types
        
        OS Components
      - Application
        
        Healthcare
        
        Real estate
        
        production
        
        etc
        
        Programming
        
        What is programming
        
        what is programmer|?
        
        what is programming language?
        
        What types of programming languages
        
        Low-Level
        
        High Level
        
        What is programming paradigms
        
        Object-Oriented Programming
        
        Abstraction
        
        Encapsulation
        
        5 more items...
        
        Inheritance
        
        1 more item...
        
        Polymorphism
        
        1 more item...
        
        Functional programming
        
        procedural programming
        
        what is a program?
        
        components of program
        
        Data Structure
        
        Data
        
        Structure
        
        2 more items...
        
        Algorithms
        
        Components of an algorithm
        
        4 more items...
      - Drivers