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BW/4HANA - Coggle Diagram

- - - - can't enlage scope at runtime, only narrow down
    - - can be enlarged, narrow d own, or deletetd at runtime
    - - belongs to an InfoProvider
      - complex filter with several characteristics
      - "Dereference" to adapt filter only on Query level instead of Infoprovider
  - - - General
      - Conversion
      - Calculations
        
        local calc. only on displayed data
        
        local cal cannot apply to hierarchies
        
        local cal take sign. more time for large result sets
    - - Which Key Figures can be restricted?
        
        Query Level
        
        Basic Key Figures of InfoProvider
        
        Local Formulas
        
        Calculated KF of InfoProvider
        
        Restricted KF of InfoProvider
        
        InfoProvider Level
        
        Performance on Query- and InfoProvider Level is identical - values are not precalculated
    - - mathematical functions
        
        Minimum
        
        Maaximum
        
        Absolute Value
        
        Smallest integer value larger than operand
        
        Division
      - Percentage Functions
      - Data Functions
        
        counts
        
        result
        
        NDIV0
      - Trigonometric Functions
      - Boolean Operators
      - Exception aggregation
        
        can be included in formula or calculated key figure, where basic and restricted key figures are available
        
        Average (of displayed values)
        
        Count all values
        
        Maximum
        
        Minimum
        
        Variance
        
        Configuration
        
        Modeling Settings of key Figure Object
        
        In Properties of Formula or Cal. Key Fig. in SAP BW Query Designer in Hana Studio
        
        Multi dimensional exception aggregation
        
        use up to 5 reference characteristics
        
        Nested exception aggregation
        
        exeption aggregation of an exception aggregation
      - Standard Aggregation
        
        Summation (SUM)
        
        Minimum (MIN)
        
        Maximum (MAX)
    - - contained in the InfoProvider
  - - - InfoProvider Level Structure
      - Derreference possible (convert to Query Lvl structure)
    - - only one KF Structure per Query
      - contain basic, restictred, calculated KF
    - - cannot Key Figure selection
      - can contain formulas
        
        avoid formula
        collison
        
        choose priority formula (this vs. concurrent), last pr made
        
        define formula in the intersection cell
        
        cells automatically created
        
        selection cells
        
        overwrite initial cell definition
        
        formula cells
        
        reference cells
        
        referenced in other caluclations
        
        help cells
        
        not displayed in report
      - use characteristics and filtering (single values, ranges, hierachie node)
      - use varaibles for flexible selection
    - - last specification made has priority
  - - - Texts
        
        use for
        
        query description
        
        calculated key figures
        
        restricted key figures
        
        structural components
        
        replacment path from Name , External Key or Key
      - Formula
        
        available in
        all InfoProviders
        
        use for
        
        Formula
        
        use case: percentage that change every month
        
        Threshold values in exceptions or conditions
      - Hierarchies
      - Hierarchy nodes
      - Characteristic Values
        
        belong to Charateristic InfoObject (not InfoProvider)
        
        Use for
        
        Fixed Filter Values
        
        Default Filter
        
        Restricted Key Figures
        
        Selections without key figures (within Charact stuct)
    - - Manual Input / Default Value
      - Replacement Path (from)
        
        Current member
        
        only for time characteristics
        
        not usable in the filter
        
        other variables
        
        query result
        
        prequery
        
        Characteristic Variable Replace with Query
        
        characteristic value
      - SAP Exit
      - Customer Exit (SAP HANA Exit)
      - & BRFplus Exit
    - - Single Value
      - Interval
      - Multiple Single Value
      - Selection Option (mix of single val and interval)
      - Precalculated Value Set (Bucket)
    - - General (always)
      - Replacement path (context-dependent)
      - Default values (cont. dep.)
      - Currencies and units (cont. dep.)
      - Dependencies (always)
  - - - FIll Bucket
        
        By Query
        
        Charac. Variable, Manual Input, Var Rerpresents: Precalculated
        
        second query for reporting, variable as filter
        
        Update value set by query
        
        first query for filling value set
        
        Referencing a Table
        
        Manually
  - - - Restrictions
        
        Totals Only
        
        Everything except totals
        
        Fixed Value
        
        Level
        
        Everything
      - highlight deviation of key figure
      - 9 alert levels
    - - Filter query based on key figure value
      - no change of KF, simply hiding irrelevant ones
      - THreshold Values
      - Ranked List
        
        Top N, Bottom N, Top %, Bottom %, Top Sum, Bottom Sum
      - automatic deactivation if
        
        not applicable
        
        conflict of multiple conditions
  - - - Global Filter
      - Variables
      - dynamic FIlter (navigation state)
      - Filters from restricted Key Figures
      - Filters from selected drilldown charactersistics
    - - Another Query
      - Web Address
      - SAP Crystal Report
      - Xcelsius
      - InfoSet Query
      - Transaction
      - ABAP Repor
  - - - avoid overlapping filters
      - avoid exclusions
      - use mandatory characteristics value variables
    - - details about operations in OLAP engine
      - Trace Tool or OLAP Cache Monitor
      - Query Monitor
        
        analyze runtime
        
        RSRT transaction
    - - unnecessary data loaded
      - how OLAP processor reads data (executing and navigation of query)
      - Modes
        
        H = Query to be Read when you Navigate or Expand Hierarchies
        
        X = Query to Read Data During Navigation
        
        A = Query to Read all Data at Once
    - - determines the push down of calculations from ABAP to Hana
    - - architect - size of InfoProvider and Partitioning
    - - Purpose: manage processing in SAP HANA
      - Relative Runtime modes:
        
        M Standard (Prev. 6.7.8)
        
        P Offensive (Prev. 9)
        
        J Defensive: (expert mode) - Prev. 0,2,3
        
        Property change for
        
        BW Queries
        
        Composite
        
        InfoObject
    - - aDSO
      - Composite (for real time calculations)
      - Open ODS Views
      - HANA Calculation view
  - - - Copy query from InfoProvider to anoter InfPr
      - Queries can be linked
        
        Mapping possible
        
        InfoObject
        
        Hierarchies
        
        RKF
        
        CKF
        
        Variables
        
        mapping not possible
        
        Filter
        
        Currency/ unit Translation
      - Linked Components function (in QD in Studio)
        
        Transcation RSZC
        
        Select Objects
        
        Transfer Slection
        
        InfoObject Mapping dialog
        
        Compability Check
        
        Continue to End
        
        Specify Source & Target InfoProvider
    - - Transaction RSZDELETE
        
        choose object type
        
        Query, Filter, structure, RKD, CKF, Variable
    - - translate short and long texts
    - - document cells in query with numbers
      - text documents (TLOGO object)
      - Texth length is unlimited
      - can be assinged to hierachy node, subtotal,CKF, RKF
    - - Transcation: RSDWC_QUERY
- - - - purpose
        
        typical objects
        
        Standard ADSO
        
        on document level (atomic level)
        
        store consolidated and cleansed data (trans. & master)
        
        Data Mart ADSO
        
        store details to support the yet unknown
        
        summarized and aggregated data for long period
        
        for Data History and Integration
        
        Main storage for harmonized consistent data
      - EDW Transformation Layer
        
        no application specific logic
        
        only valid changes
        
        typical objects
        
        InfoSources (if multiple transformation necessary)
        
        connecting multiple sources and targets
        
        splitting complex transformation into simple parts
        
        reduce number of transformation
        
        without persistence to consolidate two transformations before the next one
        
        Transformations
      - EDW Propagation Layer
        
        harmonized results from global transformation
        
        typical objects
        
        ADSO
        
        delta mechanism
      - Corporate Memory
        
        write-optimized ADSO
        
        transcational history (reproducability)
        
        without transf. or with trans from transformation layer
      - Architected Data Mart
    - - typical objects
        
        Staging ADSO (field based)
        
        Open ODS Views
      - Virtualization Layer
        
        Composite Provider
      - Initial staging (Quality Check and Harmonization)
      - Operational Reporting (real time)
      - BW4Hana managed - field based
  - - - Source
        
        SAP BW/4HANA
        
        SAP Source system
      - Purpose
        
        Analysis (embeddd analytics)
        
        virtual access
        
        extraction of S/4HANA data
  - - - flexible sql based model
      - aggregation on exisitng tabels
      - reduce data footprint
      - Fast data processing on demand
    - - JOIN Types
        
        Inner
        
        Outer (left, right, full)
        
        Referential
        
        temporal
        
        Only InfoOb. and ADSO as PartProvider
        
        one parameter must be with time depend.
        
        text (not usable in compositeP)
      - Tool
        
        Hana Studio (eclipse-based)
        (BW/4HANA Add in: BW Modeling Tools)
        
        XS classic
        
        SAP Web IDE (browser-based
        integrated development environment)
        
        XS advanced
        (Extended Application Services Advanced)
        
        Artifacts
        
        Calculation Views
        
        functions
        
        database administrtation
        
        Work environments
        
        Development view </>
        
        develop & maintian customer objects (data models)
        
        graphical or text-based editors
        
        Hierarchy
        
        Workspace
        
        Project
        
        Module
        
        Artifact (file)
        
        Database Explorer View
        
        SQL Consol on HANA DB
        
        Grant Access to HDI container (to a role)
        for consumption of calc view
        
        Role is part of BW_CP_ACCESS_CV, which is assigned to SAPCIA user
        
        Run statement
      - Union
      - Development Modules
        
        Design Time (Development)
        
        Creation on design time object
        on Hana Database (HDB) module
        
        1a. Create Project (Dev. View)
        1b. asign to a Space in the Project settings (eg TRAINING)
        
        Create Module
        
        develop files (DB artifact)
        
        Build
        
        build HDI container for each module
        
        Run Time (Deployment)
        
        Create Folder
        for organization
        
        Create database artifacts
        
        Procedure
        
        Function
        
        Calculation VIew
        
        types (data category)
        
        dimension (master data)
        
        3 more items...
        
        cube (transactional data)
        
        2 more items...
        
        Cube with star join
        
        3 more items...
        
        SQL Access only
        
        3 more items...
        
        Terminology
        
        measure; numeric value (price, volume)
        
        attribute (describe measure, filter)
        
        Node Types
        
        Projection
        
        1 more item...
        
        Aggregation
        
        1 more item...
        
        Join
        
        1 more item...
        
        Non-Equi Join
        
        1 more item...
        
        Union
        
        1 more item...
        
        Minus
        
        1 more item...
        
        Intersect
        
        1 more item...
        
        Star Join
        
        1 more item...
        
        Rank
        
        1 more item...
        
        Benefits
        
        more meaningful by customizing names and join attributes
        
        new values caluclation on the fly (math. cal.)
        
        Virtual data model - no storing requirement
        
        no precalculations (high performance on Hana)
        
        real time access
        
        reusability
        
        Flexibility (hierarchies. filter, prompt for variables, input para, )
        
        adaptability (adapt to the list of columns()
        
        Hierarchy
        
        Paren-Child Hierarchy
        
        1 more item...
        
        Level Hierarchy
        
        1 more item...
        
        root node = node without parent node
        
        leaf node = node without children
        
        Sources
        
        BW4Hana objects
        
        5 more items...
        
        Transactional data
        
        Measures
        
        2 more items...
        
        FLowgraph
        
        Analytic Privilege
        
        CDS Artifact
        
        Text analysis dicitionaries and rule set
        
        Deploy (build) to view in Database Explorer View
  - - - stable values
      - loading snapshot and delta data
      - master data reporting
      - data quality improvement scenarios
      - report on harmonized data set
      - use SAP BI content
      - strategic and tacitcal reporting in EDW
  - - - all values appear as sums as calculated on the sales day
  - - - Navigation Attributes
        
        Y
        
        Time-dependent
        
        X
        
        independent
      - Display Attributes
        
        Q
        
        Time-depentndet
        
        P
        
        Independent
      - Texts
        
        T
        
        Time. & lang. dep.
      - Hierarchies
        
        H
        
        time dep.
        
        J
        
        intervals in the hierarchy
    - - Timedep.
        
        High Quality You Tube (HQYT)
  - - - Number Ranges
      - Key Extensions (Compounding)
      - Concatenation
    - - comparre data formats (eg NUMC 10)
    - - Master Data
      - Transaction Dat
  - - - original values are lost
    - - key figure (datatyp amount )required
      - and fixed or variable currency
      - exchange rate as factor
        
        source currency
        
        target currency
        
        exchange rate type
        
        time reference
        
        stored in table TCURR
        
        to find suitable record in table -
        create a currency translation type
        
        BW Modeling Tools in HANA Studio
        
        BW4HANA Cockpit
        
        Transaction RSCUR (SAP GUI)
    - - reference InfoObject
      - central unit of measure (T006 (eg meters to kilometers)
  - - - key figures from Facts Open ODS View
        
        maintain semnatics
        
        Compounding
        
        Currency/Unit
      - Master data Open ODS Views for attributes and texts
        
        One repesentative key field
        
        maintian semantics
        
        Associations
        
        complementary: compounded key fields = characteristics
      - connections are defined as Associations in the central Facts ODS
  - - - add date/time stamp as additional key field
      - generating a history
        
        implement data activation as quality step
      - corporate memory
        
        without actiivation all recors remain in the Inbound table
  - - - SQL Front end
      - without BW governance
      - access with Native Concepts (privileges)
      - easier to implement (calc, transf.)
    - - Real time
      - use BW serrvices (caching, statistics, authorization)
      - use existing metadata framework
      - use OLAP capabilities (non cum KF, hierachiy, compound, exc. aggr.
      - use in InfoObjects (Access type Hana view), in Open ODS Views & Composite Provier
- - - - Start Process
        
        onlyone possible to schedule without predecessor
        
        can't be a successor of another process
        
        only one allowed per process chain
        
        only be used in a single process chain
      - Application Process
        
        processes that you want to automate in process chain maintenance typically performed in operative use of BW4Hana
      - Collection Process
        
        collects several chain strings to form one string in the process chain maintenance
        
        AND Process (Last) - starts after last event of predecessor
        
        XOR Process (First) - start after first event of predecessor
    - - Process type
        
        Kind of task (eg execute dtp)
      - Process Variant
        
        Configuration - name of the process (eg. U08 cost center actual data from hana)
      - Process Instance
        
        is the characteristic value of the proces
    - - Yellow = chain is active
      - Green = chain ended successfully
      - Red = chain ended with error or terminated
        
        Repair: terminated instance is executed again
        
        Repeat: new instance is created
- - - - pull
        
        SAP ODP Source System (S/4, BW)
        
        ODP Providers
        
        SAP Extractors (ODP_SAP)
        
        S/4HANA / ECC (ERP) DataSource
        
        Activate DataSoruce
        
        2 more items...
        
        Release DataSource for ODP
        
        4 more items...
        
        Replicate DataSource
        
        2 more items...
        
        Application Component Hierarchy
        
        3 more items...
        
        source system definition with SAPI (service API)
        
        SAPI interface not used anymore (ODP Interface now)
        
        Extractor check (RSA3) still possible
        
        3 more items...
        
        ODP Framework takes over PSA (Previous Solution)
        
        SAP ABAP CDS Views (ODP_CDS)
        
        Reside in the Application server (ABAP)
        
        not identical with SAP HANA native CDS views (not relevant fo S/4 Hana embedded analytics)
        
        Core Data Services to create virtual model
        
        contain SQL code (not ABAP) with Annotations
        
        Scenarios
        
        Szenraio B:
        Virtual Access via Open ODS
        
        5 more items...
        
        Szenario A:
        via BW as Transient Provider
        
        5 more items...
        
        Scenario C
        Load Data using ABAP CDS View
        
        4 more items...
        
        SLT (System Landscape Transformation Replication Server) (ODP_SLT)
        
        SAP HANA Calculation VIew (ODP_HANA)
        
        ODQ located on the target system
        
        BW/4HANA Infoprovider (ODP_BW)
        
        ODP Consumers (Subscriber)
        
        OData
        
        SAP Data Services
        
        SAP HANA SDI (abap adapter)
        
        BW/4HANA
        
        SAP Datasphere
        
        Subscription
        
        specific subscriber orders data changes from one or more queues and continues processing the transferred data
        
        subscriber type
        
        occur when subscriber requests data
        
        every subsct. has unique transaction number
        
        subscriber can have multiple subscriptions
        
        Operational Delta Queue (ODQ)
        
        records kept in sequence in the operational delta queue (ODQ)
        
        ODQ Monitor: Transaction: ODQMON
        
        Queues
        
        Subscriptions
        
        Requests
        
        composite request of transfer data from queue (or multiple - grouped as subscription)
        
        1 more item...
        
        extraction requests transfer queue data from provider to queue storage
        
        Status : canceled or terminated
        
        Units
        
        overtakes part of Legacy "Persitent Staging Area (PSA)
        
        A queue can be in multiple subscriptions for same subscriber
        
        data cannot be changed (was possible in PSA)
        
        reorganization settings of ODQ: clean up jobs
        
        ODQ Delta Management
        
        Full load (ODQDATA_F)
        
        delta initialization request (ODQDATA_C)
        
        delta loads (ODQDATA)
        
        Error handling
        
        during data processign btw. source and 1. physical BW object - delete the last request in the target
        
        not yet activated in taget - delete request that are succesfully loaded
        
        Enhancing BI Content
        
        Attach extra field (SBIW)
        
        enhance extraction structure
        
        accept name: ZA**
        
        fill field with User Exit or BAdi
        
        Function enhancement (RSAP0001)
        
        Transcation data supply (EXITSAPLRSAP_001)
        
        Master data and text supply ((EXITSAPLRSAP_002)
        
        texts supply ((EXITSAPLRSAP_003)
        
        Hierarchy supply ((EXITSAPLRSAP_004)
        
        BAdi Creation
        
        SE19
        
        NSBIW (Netweaver System Business Intelligence Warehouse) - BW Administration Cockpit
        
        Postprocessing of DataSources
        
        Troubleshooting
        
        Prerequisit
        
        development authorization in source system
        
        troubleshooting authorization in source system
        
        log in to source system
        
        RSA3 - test and debug extractor checks
        
        3, Monitor running tasks (SM50)
        
        start extraction with DTP
        
        Locate the process in the monitor - start troubleshooting
        
        restart DWH Workbench after code cahnges
        
        Big Data Source System
        
        File Source System
        
        Data File Import Wizard
        
        1, Import Propterties
        
        Table Mapping
        
        Error Handling
        
        only csv type, no delta
        
        SAP HANA Source System
        
        Local Database Schema
        
        SAP Hana remote source (SDA)
        
        linked or Multitenant Database Connection (MDC)
      - Push to write-enabled interface
        
        SAP Data Services
        
        SAP Process Integration
        
        SAP Data Intelligence
        
        SAP Business Technology Platform
        
        3rd party tool
    - - Full Load
        
        if unknown which data changed, eg. flatfiles, extract newest state
      - Delta Load
        
        SAP application often offer to extract new or changed data
      - Implement Process
        
        extractor in source system
        fills the delta queue
        
        based on a data field
        
        time stamp
        
        date
        
        sequence number
        
        application fills delta queue
        
        no data field requires
        
        DTP
        
        Extraction Mode
        
        Full
        
        If source does not provide delta mechanisem - use smart selection criteria - eg. load, delete, load scenario
        
        Delta
        
        per Default
        
        Filter
        
        Only Retrieve last request
        
        Extract all green requests
        
        Only get delta once
        
        Perform Delta Initialization without Data
        
        Parallell Processing
        
        Execute
        
        Initialization
        
        2 more items...
      - Delta process is a property of the DataSource that indicates how data is transferred
        
        Properties of Delta Process
        
        Serialization
        
        what extent the DataSource keeps the data packets and data records in chronological order.
        
        0 - No Serialization Required
        
        1 Serialization of requests
        
        2 Serialization of data packet
        
        Delta Type
        
        D
        
        Published Delta (Push)
        
        E
        
        Pulled Data
        
        A
        
        Application Link Enabling (ALE) for attributes and texts
        
        F
        
        Flat File
        
        "" - blank
        
        not defined
        
        Record Mode
        (Delivery by Source System)
        
        N - New Image
        
        X - Before Image
        
        "" - After Image
        
        A - Additive
        
        R - Reverse
        
        D Delete
        
        Delta Processes
        
        ABR
        
        ADD
        
        Additive Image > SUM (DataMart)
        
        ADDD
        
        AIE
        
        After Image > Move Setting (for Standard & Staging with Activation)
        
        AIED
  - - - remote access to other databases
    - - integrate variois remote sources
      - data transformation during replication (cleanse, enrich and harmonize as it moves from source to target system)
    - - data cleansing and enhancement
  - - - Extract Transform Load - tranformed before it is saved (loaded)
    - - Extract Load Transform - transformed after it is saved
- - - - allows business users to easily analysze and visualize, combine data
      - focus on self-service
      - access and combine data sources
        
        relational, OLAP, spreadsheet, text file
    - - easy to consume, highly formatted pixel perfect reports
      - create invoice, purchase order, receipts
      - access any data source directly or via Universe semantic layer
      - reduced navigation functionality (or no at all)
      - Java-based report design tool
    - - Lumira Designer (Dashboard & Application)
        
        Sources
        
        BW Queries
        
        SAP BW InfoProviders
        
        SAP HANA Views
        
        Navigation
        
        Context Menu
        
        Crosstab
        
        Navigation Panel
        
        Chart
        
        for professional analysis application designer to create corporate analysis applications and reports based on multiple data sources
        
        typcially IT
      - Lumira Discovery (Discovery and Analysis)
        
        client for business key users
        
        felxible tool to connect data source, acquire, merge, work offline with, explore, anaylze data,
    - - designed for analysts who require analytical capabilities
      - Tabs in AFE
        
        Analysis
        
        Information
        
        Components
        
        Design Rules
        
        Comments
        
        Eselsbrück CADIC
      - Sources
        
        BW QUeries
        
        BW InfoProvider
        
        Analysis views
        
        SAP HANA views
      - SAP and third party OLAP data (like BW, HANA, S/4HANA, SQL,Essbase )
  - - - Augmented Analytics
        
        Automated
        
        Smart Insights
        
        examine data and detect member with high influence, uses algorithm
        
        help to better understand
        
        Smart Discovery
        
        smart data exploration engine with machine learning alg
        
        revelas relationships and hidden pattern in data model
        
        auto generate fully populated, multi tabbed stories
        
        Predictive
        
        Smart Predict
        
        provides analyst with solution for sorted list (probability, classification, regression, or forcase )
        
        generate future, hidden, unknown data
        
        Forecasting
        
        Conversational
        
        Search to Insight
        
        receive answer and visualizaiton
        
        ask question in natural language
      - Enterprise Planing
        
        Budgeting and forecasting
        
        create and modify versions
        
        predictive Planing
        
        Collaborative planning
        
        link operational and financial planning
      - Business Intelligence
        
        Data Exploration
        
        Dashboards & Visualization
        
        Enterprise Reporting
    - - Digital Boardroom
      - Stories
      - Analytic Applications
        
        simple dashboard to highly customized application
        
        Custom logic wiexpressed with scripts
        
        JavaScript
      - AfO
        
        SAC interface in Excel
        
        design in excel
        
        plan simulate and Write back to planning models
        
        collaborate with colleagues
    - - Data wrangling
        
        change formats
        
        change data types (integer, etc)
        
        create calculation
        
        define measure
        
        find and replace values
        
        column split
        
        is an agile data preperation workflow
      - define analytic & planing models
        
        measures
        
        Hierarchies
        
        units & currency
        
        merge multiple datasets
        
        Model Data Privacy
  - - - Transcations
      - Data Modeling
      - Administration
      - Work with BW QUeries, Anylsis Workbooks
      - Roles
        
        combined individual authorizations
        
        Transaction: PFCG
        
        Users which work
        with Queries and
        Query Components
        
        Authorization Objects
        
        S_RS_COMP1 (additonal owner field)
        
        S_RS_COMP
    - - cusomer decides which data are authorizaiton relevant
      - Transaction: RSECADMIN
      - Authorization relevant characteristics: charc. for which data are protected
      - Authorization Object: S_RS_AUTH
    - - up to 10 fields - where auth-values are specified
    - - Query executed (runtime)
      - checks all characteristics that are authorization relevant in the InfoProvider
      - if fail, no query result and error message
- - - - Texts
      - Hierarchies
        
        Internal Hierarchy (row / column)
        
        Characteristics and Nav. Attribute as hierachy (Universal Display Hierarchy)
        
        = Run Time Hierarchy = Universal Display Hierarchy
        
        Transaction data in InfoProvider is used to group
        
        only in characteristics and attributes (no KF)
        
        Hierarchical Structure Display
        
        in KF structure or Characteristics structure
        
        Definition in Query
        
        External Hierarchies (H Table)
        
        represent master data (not part of InfoProvider)
        
        only in characteristics and attributes (no KF)
        
        loaded from BW/4Hana content data flows or flat file
        
        defined as B"/4Hana master data tables
        
        no fixed number of levels (unbalanced hierarchy possible)
        
        structure defines the fixed drilldown path
        
        display unassinged values
        
        Types of Nodes
        
        Root Node
        
        Group Nodes
        
        Leaf Nodes
      - Attributes
        
        Display attr.
        
        no filtering possible
        
        Not Member of InfoProvider (Master Data)
        
        Navigation attribute
        
        needs activation in InfoProvider
        
        needs activaiton in InfoObject
    - - Key Figures
      - Time Characteristics
      - Technical characteristics
      - Units
      - Characteristics
        
        e.g. Cost Center, Material, OE
        
        Tabs in Hana Studio
        
        General
        
        Hierarchy
        
        Config in Query
        
        Access type for result values
        
        Master data (all values)
        
        Posted Values (only from fact table)
        
        Poster Values with Master Data (
        
        Member of InfoProvider
        
        Difference to Attribute: Characteristics belongs to InfoProvider,
        Navigation Attribute is not member of InfoProvider (Technical Name is different)
      - XXL InfoObjects
    - - BI Clients setting
      - BW/4HANA Analysis authorizations
    - - no transactional data in BW/4HANA for the master data in question
      - master data of the characteristic isn't used as an attribute for other InfoObjects
      - no hierarchies for this master data
  - - - Direct Assignment
        
        field direct from the source
      - Formula
        
        over 70 functions
      - Lookup
        
        InfoObject
        
        ADSO
      - Constant
      - Routine
        
        for complex transformation rules
      - Initial
        
        field remains empty
      - Time
    - - General
      - Rules
    - - Group of transformation rules
      - one rule for each key field of target
    - - Summation (Standard and DataMart ADSO)
      - Minimum Standard and DataMart ADSO
      - Maximum (standard and DataMart ADSO=
      - Overwrite (Standard ADSO and InfoObject)
  - - - General
      - Extraction
        
        Extraction Mode
        
        Full
        
        Delta
        
        Only get Delta Once
        
        Get All New Data Request by Request
        
        Retrieve untill no more new data
      - Update
      - Runtime Properties
- - - - field based modelling
      - no persistance
      - no InfoObject needed
      - model master data attributes, texts, and transactional data (no hierarchies)
      - more flexible than Infoobject (less consistency)
      - Source Objects
        
        SAP HANA
        
        database table or view (same or different tenant)
        
        database view
        
        calculation view
        
        Remote sources (using SDA or SDI)
        
        BW DataSource of type ODP or SAP HANA
        
        Big Data (Hadoop cluster)
        
        ADSO
        
        Transformation
      - types (semantics)
        
        Facts
        
        Master Data
        
        Texts
      - BW/4HANA meta data object that provides a structure description with attributes (fields) and data types.
      - can be consumed by query (not LSA++ conform)
    - - combine InfoProviders using Joins(inner & outer) and Unions
      - Aggregation nodes to control summarization of key figure
      - control exposure of fields using Projection nodes
      - possible to define filters, calculated fields and new fields
      - Sources (Part Providers)
        
        InfoObject
        
        ADSO
        
        CompositeProviders
        
        Open ODS Views
        
        SAP HANA Calc Views
      - does not contain data
      - reasons to use CP
        
        as interface for queries
        
        as virtal data mart layer
        (changes to ADSO will not change
        reporting if CP remains unchanged)
        
        semantic partitioning (more felxibility and enables parallel processing)
      - Tabs in Hana Studio
        
        General
        
        Scenario
        
        Output
      - optimized for HANA, run SQL operations on Hana instead ABAO
      - use as a Wrap Layer (only one PartProvicer)
        offers to use navigation attributes
      - Nodes
        
        Projection Node
        
        Aggregation Node
        
        Usage
        
        select a field
        
        create / edit SQL filter
        
        create a calculated field (HANA SQL Syntax)
        
        top level node
        
        Join
        
        no text joins
        
        temporal
        
        only InfoObject or ADSO as PartProvider
        
        one parameter must be TIME
        
        no unions possible
        
        Union
      - Modeling Approaches
        
        Simple Dynamic Star Schema
        
        consistent data
        
        facts and dimensions can be reused
        
        real time capable
        
        Snowflaked Dimensions
        
        Split DImensions
        
        distinction between uncritical and critical information
    - - Standard
        
        Features
        
        selection of characteristics for mandatory key
        
        complete history in change log
        
        recommended for delta loading
        
        store consolidated and ccleansed data (master and trans)
        
        Activation of request means delta harmonization
        
        Activate Request by Request enables rollback and deletion
        
        store data at document level
        
        update behaviour (add, overwrite, not update)
        
        Administration
        
        possible to delete load request, even after activation
        
        rollback possible
        
        request deletion only possible if the request in subsequent targets has been deleted)
        
        Deletion
        
        Selective Deletion (only active table)
        
        Delete from all tables
        
        Request based deletion
        
        TAbles
        
        Inbound <1>
        
        Active data <2>
        
        Change Log <3>
        
        View for Extraction <6>
        
        View for Reporting <7>
        
        View for external SQL <8>
        
        Extraction
        
        Full
        
        Initial
      - Staging
        
        serve as initial staging area for data loads into BW/4H
        
        inbound table stores all versions of data record by technical key
        
        can only contain fields instead of InfoObjects
        
        Extraction
        
        Full
        
        Initial
        
        Delta
        
        optimized for fast loading (Inbound layers EDW)
        
        Modeling Properties
        
        Inbound Queue Only
        
        no Change Log no activa data table
        
        Compress Data
        
        no change log table, moved to active data during compression
        
        Reporting enabled
        
        no change log, data written to activa data during activation (but kept there as well)
        
        No change log
      - Data Mart
        
        Tables
        
        Active Table
        
        Inbound Table
        
        Aggregated data for reporting
        
        no key field specification - all fields are keys
        
        data aggregated, only additive deltas - no keyfigure overwrite
        
        UseCase für anwesende Patienten
        
        Administration
        
        Activation of request means compression
        
        during data upload, full request insterted into inbound table (ADSO1), each record gets request ID, package ID, record ID
        
        during activation- data is compressed, no request-. package-, record ID
        
        after compression, not possible to diplay or delete data for a specific request ID
        
        selective deletion applies to inbound- and active table
        
        Extraction
        
        Full
        
        Initial
        
        Delta
      - Direct Update
        
        direct loading to active data - no activation required
      - Properties
        
        Write change Log
        
        determin inflow and outflow values
        
        number of changes for a specific product
        
        Snapshot support
        
        A snapshot is a full extract at a certain point in time that is stored persistently.
        
        Record Modes
        
        N = New
        
        X = Before
        
        R = Reverse
        
        120 key fields
        
        1000 fields
        
        no navitgaton attributes for ADSO (can be done for COmposite)
        
        Write Interface
        
        Load to Inbound Table by Push
        
        SAP Data Services
        
        SAP Data Intelligence
        
        SAP Process Integration
        
        SAP Integration Suite (BTP)
        
        3rd party ETL tools
    - - allows programm code to be executed
      - virtual access with transformation