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Skeletal system by Jaime Chavez, 5th period - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Sutures Rigid interlocking joints of skull. growth during youth and ossify and fuse in middle age. immovable. No cavity
      - Syndemoses Bones connected by ligaments, bands of fibrous tissue. movement varies depending on lenght. No cavity
      - Gomphoses Peg-in-socket. only example found in teeth. holds tooth in socket. No cavity
    - - Synchondroses Bar or plate of hyaline cartilage unites bones. Almost all immovable. Ex: joint between first rib and sternum. No cavity
      - Symphyses Fibrocartilage unites bone in symphysis joint. Strong slightly movable.
    - - General structure: Articular cartilage: consists of hyaline cartilage covering ends of bones. Joint (synovial) cavity: small, fluid-filled potential space. Articular (joint) capsule, External fibrous layer and inner synovial membrane. Synovial fluid: viscous, slippery filtrate of plasma and hyaluronic acid. reinforcing ligaments Capsular, Extracapsular, intracapsular. Nerves and blood vessels.
      - Condilar Biaxial. Oval articular surfaces, flexion, extension, adduction and abduction movements. Ex: metacarpo-phalangeal joint
      - Saddle Biaxial. Concave and Convex articular surfaces. adduction, abduction, flexion and extension movements. Ex: Joints of thumbs
      - Ball and Socket Multiaxial. Spherical lead (ball) articular surfaces. flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and rotation movements. Ex: shoulder and hip joints
      - Plane Nonaxial. Flat articular surfaces. Gliding movement. Ex: intercarpals, vertebra; articular surfaces.
      - Hinge Unaxial. Cylinder, through articular surfaces. Flexion and extension movements. Ex elbow joint
      - Pivot Unaxial. Sleeve (bone and ligament) and Axle (rounded bone). Rotational movement. Ex proximal radiulnar joint.