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Implementation Science: What is it and Why Should I Care?, cerebro, lupa,…
Implementation Science:
What is it and Why Should I Care?
Importance
Previous studies:
The Collaborative Chronic Care Model (CCM) for bipolar disorder was effective, but it wasn’t integrated into routine practice even after showing positive results.
Impact of research:
Less than 50% of clinical innovations are adopted. It is estimated that 80% of medical research resources do not generate a public health impact.
Historical examples:
The adoption of innovations, such as using citrus to cure scurvy, has taken centuries, demonstrating the barriers between evidence and practice.
Challenges in Biomedical Research
Slow adoption:
It takes 17 to 20 years for a clinical innovation to be adopted.
Contextual factors:
Contextual factors, more than effectiveness, influence the adoption of innovations.
Lack of impact:
Biomedical research often fails to ensure public health impact due to organizational and social barriers.
Research process:
It is not only necessary to prove effectiveness but also to ensure applicability in real-world settings.
Definition and Differences
Implementation science:
Focuses on identifying barriers and facilitators across different levels (individual, provider, organization, community).
Differences with clinical research:
While clinical research seeks to test the health impact of an intervention, implementation science seeks to increase the adoption of the intervention.
Quality vs implementation:
Quality improvement solves local problems within health systems, while implementation science seeks broadly applicable results.
Methodologies
Combined approach:
Combines effectiveness and implementation studies (hybrid design).
Qualitative and quantitative methods
:
Both qualitative (to analyze context) and quantitative (to measure health outcomes) approaches are used.
Strategy evaluation:
Implementation trials evaluate strategies to improve the adoption of an innovation.
Error correction:
Efficacy trials focus on minimizing errors to test interventions under controlled conditions.
Barriers and Facilitating Factors
Barriers:
Social, economic, and organizational factors limit the adoption of innovations.
Facilitators:
Implementation strategies that consider context (organizations, health systems) increase adoption success.
Collaboration:
Active collaboration between researchers and health system leaders is essential to overcome barriers and facilitate adoption.
Student: Paulina Hernández Ugalde
