Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Exam 2, Vessel - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Cuticle on leaves meant the need for stomata
    - - Allow for larger plants
    - - Rhizomes
        
        +Gravitropism
        
        -phototropism
    - - Gymno
        
        Naked
      - Angiosperm
        
        Hidden
  - - - Short lived and simple
    - - Persistent and complex
  - - - Meiosis inside sporangia inside capsule of sporophyte
      - Spore dispersal
        
        Create gametophyte by mitosis
        
        From antheridia, sperm swim to archegonia with egg
      - Gametophyte Dominant
  - - - Heterosporous
        
        Microspore (male)
        
        Megaspore (Female)
      - Mega and Microspores on Axis of sporophylls
        
        Spores disperse (germinate) and mitosis to create gametophytes
        
        Microsporesturn to microgametophytes and into sperm
        
        Megagametophyte splits showing archegoniahead for sperm
  - - - Pollen cone
- - - - For light
      - transpiration
  - - - Early
      - Late
  - - - Water transport #
    - - storage
      - CANNOT transport water
  - - - Trachieds only
      - Little room for fibers
      - GYMNOSPERM
    - - Vessel elements
      - ANGIOSPERM
  - - - primary and secondary
    - - Only secondary
      - Fibers
    - - Outer bark, Phellem, Phellogen, Phelloderm)
        
        Phellem = cork
        
        Phellogen = cork cambium
- - - - Dominant in Eudicots
      - From radical
    - - From stems and leaves
  - - - Apical meristem
      - Pericycle
        
        Layer inside endodermis
      - Endodermis
        
        Casparian strip
        
        Stops water travelling through walls
        
        Apoplastic
- - - - Thickened lignin wall
        
        waterproof and structure
    - - Devonian
    - - Early
        
        Wide
        
        Transport only
      - True
        
        Transport and support
        
        Narrow
      - Pine
        
        Transport and support
      - Longer than VE
      - Smaller diamter
    - - Lareg diameter
      - Shorter than trachieds
      - Differentation
        
        Elongation
        
        2 cell wall
        
        Annular, helical and porous
  - - - Transport photosynthate, hormones, and electrical impulse
      - ONLY IN GYMNOSPERMS #
      - Albuminous= specialized parenchyma cells
      - Sieve cells have narrow sieve pores (Cell to cell)
    - - have sieve plates unlike sieve cells
        
        Sieve plate has many pores
      - Many = Sieve tube
        
        Sieve tube element ALWASY accompanied by companion cell
        
        Compnaion cell controls sieve tube elemnt
        
        From same mother cell
      - HAs SER due to no ribosomes
      - Callose to fill pores when injured
    - - thickened cell wall
      - Cytoplasmic clearing
        
        No ribosomes
      - Callose deposit around terminal plasmodesmata
      - Nuclear breakdown
      - Sieve plates and pores
  - - - No pith in stem
      - Monocotyledonae
        
        #
    - - Has pith in stem
      - Eudicotyledenae
        
        #
        
        Endarch
        
        Metaxylem outside
    - - Protostele
        
        No pith
      - Siphonostele
        
        Ring of phloem xylem and pith
      - Eustele
        
        Most complex
        
        parenchyma sperate xylem and phlome strands
    - - Metaxylem
        
        Bigger
        
        Develops later
      - Protoxylem
        
        1st xylem to mature
- - - - Hypotonic o hypertonic
        
        Water from more concentrated area to less
    - - ATP for pump
        
        Proton out
        
        Potassium in
    - - Water loss to carbon gain
      - Close pore during water stress.
- - - - Photsynthesis
      - Ground tissue/special parenchyma
    - - Gas exchange
      - Buoyancy
    - - Flexible support
    - - Xylem and phloem
    - - inlcudes gaurd cells
  - - - Adaxial and Abaxial epidermis
- - - - Streptophyta
        
        haploid gametes ONLY
        
        Gametophyte, no sporophytes
    - - trilete mark
    - - Liverworts
    - - 1st was cooksonia sporophyte
      - Gametophyte complex
        
        Stomata
        
        Conducting elements
    - - Specialized conducting cells
        
        Evidence from spores and fossils