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Mind Map #8 - Coggle Diagram
Mind Map #8
Impact
Air pollution now has the greatest environmental impact on health
- estimated that 20% of all deaths are due to avoidable environmental causes (over half due to air pollution)
Many toxic exposures occur in occupational settings
- approximately 5000 deaths due to injuries occur in the occupational setting per year
We cannot evaluate the impact of toxic exposures solely by tracing them to human deaths and disabilities
Once chemicals, radiation, and biological products are released into the environment, the process cannot generally be easily reversed
Environment
Influences other than genetic influences
- Social media
- Economic
- Cultural
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Human activity has altered nearly every aspect of our physical environment
- consumption of resources
- waste products as a result of consumption
Risk Assessment
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It attempts to evaluate the impact of environmental exposures one at a time and measure the types and magnitudes of the impacts
Public Health Assessment
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Address not just the risks in a specific location, but also the risks to large numbers of individuals and often to the population as a whole
Both risk assessment and public health assessment focus exclusively on the health impacts on human beings
All-Hazards Approach
Public health agencies have been increasingly integrated into a NIMS, which is part of the DHS
The ICS attempts to establish uniform procedures and terminology, and an integrated communications system with established and practiced roles for each agency
Uses the same approach to preparing for many types of disasters, including use of surveillance systems, communication systems, evacuations, and an organized healthcare response
Interactions
Issues that affect the risk of the environment on health
- route of exposure
- the timing of exposure
- stage of life
- other diseases
- special sensitivities
Approaches developed for addressing these issues
- risk assessment
- public health assessment
- ecological assessment
- interaction analysis
Interaction Analysis
Implies that to understand and control the impacts of the environmental exposures, it is necessary to take into account the effect of two or more exposures
Reducing the harms from the altered environment requires increasingly sophisticated approaches to increasingly complex problems