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Phenomenological Study - Review - Coggle Diagram
Phenomenological Study - Review
Introduction
Philosopical basis of
Knowledge development
presents ‘‘credible displays of
living knowledge
for nursing’
Confusion
research
methodology
&
a philosophy
Many styles - as phenominologists
Many Schools
Commonalities & distinct features
Paradigms
Positivist (Husserl),
Postpositivist (Merleau–Ponty)
Interpretivist (Heidegger)
constructivist (Gadamer)
New Phenominology
Research method - US
Philosophy
Phenomenology of Husserl
Franz Brentano - usage of word - phenominology
Intentionality
the principle that every mental act is related to some object (Moran, 2000), and implies that all perceptions have meaning
refers to the internal experience of being conscious of something
Word origin
Greek word - phaenesthai,
to flare up, to show itself, to appear
Motto of phenomenology
‘‘Zu den Sachen’’
which means both ‘‘to the things themselves’’ and ‘‘let’s get down to what matters!’’
Epistemological
experience the fundamental source of knowledge
Phenomenological reduction
hold subjective perspectives and theoretical constructs in abeyance
and facilitate the essence of the phenomena to emerge,
aim of phenomenology
rigorous and unbiased study of things as they appear in order to arrive at an essential understanding of human consciousness and experience
Germany - Before word war 1
Phenomenological reduction
Key Phenomenological Strategy
Proposed by Husserl
‘‘
Lifeworld
’’ (Lebenswelt)
understood as what individuals experience
pre-reflectively
, without resorting to interpretations.
Lived Experience
the immediate, pre-reflective consciousness of life
free as possible from cultural context
‘‘natural’’ to indicate what is original, naıve, prior to critical or theoretical reflection
Epoche requires a fresh way of looking at thing
Reduction
‘reduces the world as it is considered in the natural attitude to a world of pure phenomena or, more poetically, to a purely phenomenal realm’’
phenomenological intuiting
eidetic understanding of what is meant in the description of the phenomenon under investigation
‘the process of coming to know the phenomenon as it shows itself as described by the participants’’ - Parse
phenomenon present itself as free and as unprejudiced way as possible so that it can be precisely described and understood.