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Anti-helminth drugs, Albendazole, Nematodes:, Trematodes:, Cestodes:,…
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Albendazole
Albendazole is the drug of choice for the treatment
of all nematode infestations including cutaneous
larva migrans, visceral larva migrans(toxocariasis)
and neurocysticercosis
except enterobius(mebendazole), wuchereria and
brugia(DEC), onchocerca and
strongyloides(ivermectin) and
dracunculus(metronidazole).
High dose albendazole if used for greater than 3 months as for hydatid disease may cause hepatotoxicity.
Nematodes:
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Filarial worm(wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi, onchocerca volvulus)
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Trematodes:
blood fluke(schistosoma haematobium, mansoni and japonicum)
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Albendazole, mebendazole and pyrantel pamoate
Albendazole, mebendazole and pyrantel pamoate have wide anti-helminthic spectrum.
Praziquantal
Praziquantal is the drug of choice for all trematodes and cestode infestations
except fasciola hepatica(triclabendazole) and hydatid disease(albendazole)
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Onchocerciasis
Onchocerciasis is also known as river blindness and is treated by ivermectin.
Ivermectin should be avoided in children below 5 yrs old.
Ivermectin has been recently approved for the topical treatment of inflammatory lesions of rosacea.
Niclosamide
Niclosamide is used for more cestodes.
However it has been superseded by praziquantel for this indication.
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