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Musculoskeletal system - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Haemopoiesis: produces RBC, WBC, and platelets
      - In a newborn all bone marrow is red
      - Made of adipocytes, macrophages and fibroblasts
      - Most bone marrow close to the axial skeleton is red
- - - - Where there is cartillage, there is no periosteum
    - - Spongey bone has trabeculae- spider-web folds that are covered in endosteum
  - - - Thin, fibrous layer lining internal cavity
    - - Fibrous sheath surrounding bone
    - - Space in the middle, in the epiphysis= red bone marrow, in the diaphysis= yellow bone marrow
- - - - 1) osteoblasts in the active periosteum put down new bone, forming ridges
      - 2) bone grows and ridges fuse to form a tunnel around the blood vessel, and line the tunnel with endosteum
      - 3) osteoblasts in the endosteum build concentric lamellae onto the tunnel walls, filling it in
      - 4) bone keeps growing outwards as the osteoblasts in the periosteum build new circumferential lamellae
    - - 1) osteoclasts bore their way through existing bone (cutting cone area) and create a tunnel through the bone
      - 2) osteoblasts move in and line the tunnel wall, forming a new active endosteum and depositing osteoid (organic matrix) onto tunnel walls. The osteoid layer is hardened forming lamella, and a blood vessel can grow in the tunnel
      - 3) osteoblasts deposit many layers of concentric lamellae onto tunnel walls, filling it in. Some osteoblasts get trapped and become osteocytes
      - 4) tunnel is reduced to Haversian canal size, and the osteoblasts die or become osteogenic cells
- - - - dense irregular and regular connective tissue
      - made of interlacing bundles of white collagen fibres
      - Badly vascular, very innervated (has nerves, hence pain when sprains happen)
    - - loose connective tissue with elastic fibres