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Blood and Hematology, Reduces Erythropoesis, RBC, Endocrine glands, CBC…
Blood and Hematology
Reduces Erythropoesis
Invasion of bone marrow
Leukemia
lymphoma
Myeloma
Endocrine disorder
Myxedema
Anemia of chronic disease
Disseminated malignancy
Aplastic anemia
Thalassemia
RBC
Absent
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Glycogen
DNA
RNA
Nutritional factor needed
Hemoglobin
Iron
Protein
Stem cell requirement
Folic acid
Vit B12
Others
Bile salt
Heavy metal absoption
Riboflavin
Erythropoesis
Enzyme
G6PD
Pyruvate Kinase
Membrane
Antigen
O antigen
A antigen
B antigen
RhD antigen
Hemoglobin
Volume 76-96 fl
Life span 120 days
Diameter 7.5 um
Thickness 2 um
Endocrine glands
Adrenal gland
Thyroid
Pituitary hormone
CBC test
RBC
Hb%
Total RBC count
Hematocrit
Plasma
Clotting factor
Cellular portion
45%
Mean cell volume
Mean cell Hemoglobin
Mean cell hemoglobin concentration
WBC
Stem cell
Embryonic stem cell
Adult stem cell
Function
Self renewal capacity
Differentiation capacity
Play role in homeostasis
Tissue repair
Indirect action factor
Bile salt
Intrinsic factor
Hematocrit change
Increase
Plasma reduction
Dehydration
Burn injury
Cell increase
Polycythemia Vera
High altitude
Hypoxia
Decrease
Cell count decreased
Renal failure
Less hemopoietin secretion
Hemolytic anemia
Bone marrow failure
Chemotherapy
Pregnancy
Reticulocyte
Stem cell function indicator
Increase
Compensation
Hemolysis
Hemorrhage
Recovery from Vit B12 def, Folate, Iron def
Relative increase
Sickle cell anemia
Over production
Leukemia
Pregnancy
Decrease
Production failure
Bone marrow failure
Folate deficiency
Iron deficiency anemia
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Pernicious anemia
Liver disease
Others
Infection
Chronic disease
Whole blood
8% of Total body weight
Cellular portion
3% of body weight
Fluid portion
5% of body weight
Water (91-92)%
Solid (8-9%)
Protein
Albumin
55% of total protein
75-80% colloidal osmotic pressure
Globulin
Lowest Molecular weight
20% of colloidal osmotic pressure
Fibrinogen
Most molecular weight
Prothrombin
Enzymes
Amylase
Protease
Lilpase
CHO
Glucose
Sucrose
Fat
Phospholipid
Cholesterol
Coloring agent
Carotene
Bilirubin
Others
Plasma Protein Change
Decrease
Low intake
Dietary deficiency
Over excretion
Nephritic syndrome
Loss
Hemorrhage
Protein losing enteropathy
Increase
Relative
Dehydration
Over production
Auto immune disease
Multiple myeloma
Others
Leprosy
Sarcoidosis
Viscosity
Increase
Dehydration
Hypercalcemia
Hyperglycemia
DM
Erythrocyte swelling
Acidosis
Erythrocyte number increase
Polycythemia
Cyanosis
Compensation in Hemolytic anemia with Jaundice
Plasma protein
Mutiple myeloma
Decrease
Protein Formation
result in
++ Fibrinogen
Plasma Protein
Rouleaux formation
RBC sedimentation
ESR
Marker for inflammation
-- Albumin
++ gama Globulin
Multiple Myeloma
Macroglobinaemia
Collagen disease, SLE
Chronic inflammtory disease
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Nephrotic Syndrome
Acute Inflammation
MI
Chronic infection
TB
Stem cell
In Flat bones
Proerythroblast
Reticulocyte
Immature in bone marrow
Mature in blood
RBC
Serum
Some , not all clotting factor
Absent
1
2
5
8
Zygote
Pluripotent stem cell
Fat containing bones
Vertebra
Ribs
Sternum
Vitamin B12
Folic Acid
If deficiency Pancytopenia
Megaloblastic Anemia
DNA
Chromosome
Nucleus
Multipotent hematopoietic stem cell (Hemocytoblast)
Common myeloid Progenitor
Myeloblast
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Monocyte
Macrophage
Dendritic cell
Basophil
Megakaryocyte
Thrombocyte
No nucleus
Mast cell
Erythrocyte
No nucleus
Common lymphoid progenitor
Small lymphocyte
T-lymphocyte
B-lymphocyte
Plasma cell
Natural Killer cell
Kidney 80%
Liver 20%
Kidney
Fibroblast
Peritubular capillary
JG cell
Erythropoetin
Erythropoesis
Bone marrow
Proerythroblast
Erythroblast
Reticulocyte
3d in bone marrow
Erythrocyte
Blood
Hypoxia
Testosterone
Internal Haemorrhage
-- RBC
Chronic Anemia
Haemoglobin
Varieties
Physiological
A1
2a, 2b
After 6-9 month 96%
A2
2a, 2d
F
2a, 2g
6-9 month 98%
Pathological
S
C
D
E
Properties of blood
Volume 5-6L
ph 7.36-7.45