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Y10 BIO S2 - Coggle Diagram
Y10 BIO S2
Natural Selection
Components of Natural Selection
Means
Populations are varied
Variations between individuals are hereditary
Not all individuals will survive to produce offspring
Individuals that are fitter contribute more offspring to the next generation
Theory of Evolution
Speciation
Allopatric vs Sympatric
Allopatric
Organisms of the same species become physically isolated and evolve into different species
Bottleneck effect
A phenomenon (ex. natural disasters) drastically reduces the population
The gene pool of the survivors usually isn't representative of the original population
Founder effect
Sympatric
Organisms evolve independently in the same general geographic area
why?
polyploidy in plants
habitat preference
behavioural differences
Populations and Sampling
Population Graphs
Exponential Growth
Biotic Potential
Logistic Growth
Environmental Resistance
Phases of Population Growth
Lag Phase
Survivorship Curves
Carrying Capacity
K and r Strategists
K Strategists
long lifespan
few offspring
high parental care
r Strategists
short lifespan
low parental care
many offspring
Density Dependent / Independent Factors
Dependent
Predators
Available Resources
Nutrient Supply
Diseases
Accumulation of wastes
Independent
Phenomena (natural disasters)
Weather
Abiotic Factors