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Tan is a 24 year old male who has been brought into A&E complaining of…

- - - - heart attacks
      - lung diseases
      - recent infections or recent illnesses
      - allergies
      - medical conditions
  - - - Onset- where did the pain start, had there been any injuries beforehand that may have started it
    - - Location- where is the pain? does it radiate to anywhere else in the body or is it specific to one area?
    - - Duration- how long has the pain been for? has anything made it better or worse?
    - - Characteristics- how does the pain feel? is it sharp/dull/ache and what is the level /10
    - - Aggravating factors- does anything make the pain worse?
    - - Relieving factors- does anything make the pain better?
    - - Treatment- have they tried any treatments? what treatment can be considered
- - - - unsymmetrical chest movement on inspiration can indicate pneumothorax
    - - inc. respiratory rate can indicate a loss and struggle for oxygen getting around the body and may need interventions
      - normal value = 12-20
      - would expect respiratory rate to be increased due to the breathlessness
    - - decreased breath sounds due to blockage and pneumothorax in his lungs
      - stridor/wheeze?
  - - - De
      - bradycardia indicates tension pneumothorax rapidly developing
    - - should be < 2 seconds
      - 2 seconds indicates a lack of blood being supplied to the periphery
    - - should be >95%, less than this indicates a blockage and a lack of oxygen being supplied
  - - - GCS of <8 needs to be escalated immediately
      - AVPU- alert , responding to pain, voice or unconscious