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Module 7: WAN Concepts - Coggle Diagram

- - - - An organization that wants to connect users in different locations
      - An ISP that wants to connect customers to the internet
      - An ISP or telecommunications that wants to interconnect ISPs
    - - Guaranteed service level
      - Consistent bandwidth
      - Security
  - - - WANs are implemented using the following logical topology designs:
        
        Point-to-Point Topology
        
        Hub-and-Spoke Topology
        
        Dual-homed Topology
        
        Fully Meshed Topology
        
        Partially Meshed Topology
  - - - Single-Carrier WAN Connection
      - Dual-Carrier WAN Connection
  - - - Small Network
      - Campus Network
      - Branch Network
      - Distributed Network
- - - - T-carrier - Used in North America, T-carrier provides T1 links supporting bandwidth up to 1.544 Mbps and T3 links supporting bandwidth up to 43.7 Mbps.
      - E-carrier - Used in Europe, E-carrier provides E1 links supporting bandwidth up to 2.048 Mbps and E3 links supporting bandwidth up to 34.368 Mbps.
  - - - Dialup WAN access uses the PSTN as its WAN connection. Traditional local loops can transport binary computer data through the voice telephone network using a voiceband modem.
    - - ISDN is a circuit-switching technology that enables the PSTN local loop to carry digital signals. This provided higher capacity switched connections than dialup access. ISDN provides for data rates from 45 Kbps to 2.048 Mbps.
  - - - Frame Relay
        
        Frame Relay is a simple Layer 2 non-broadcast multi-access (NBMA) WAN technology that is used to interconnect enterprise LANs. A single router interface can be used to connect to multiple sites using different PVCs.
      - Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
        
        Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) technology is capable of transferring voice, video, and data through private and public networks. It is built on a cell-based architecture rather than on a frame-based architecture.
- - - - TIA/EIA - Telecommunications Industry Association and Electronic Industries Alliance
      - ISO - International Organization for Standardization
      - IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
- - - - Wired options
      - Wireless options
  - - - PPP can assign a public IPv4 address to the subscriber.
      - PPP also includes the link quality management function.
      - PPP can be used to authenticate the subscriber