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CONTEMPORARY WORLD HISTOY - Coggle Diagram
CONTEMPORARY WORLD HISTOY
DECOLONIZATION
bottom-up and top-down process
Why?
Shift in relationship
african involvement in war
new economic opportunity
local development
collapse myth of superiority
Key factors
Ghana domino effect
UN self-determination
imperial power wekened
struggles
arbitrary borders
economic/politic independence
elites in power
PHYLOSOPHY OF HISTORY
What is history?
the past vs account of the past
Which history?
Eurocentrism
Civilization
Orientalism
Historiography
Theory of progress
Universalism
objective science vs social science
Linear theory of history
What is the aim of history?
description
explanation
pattern recognition
uncover assumptions
future prediction?
THE GLOBAL MARKET
Bretton Woods Agreements 1944-1971
dollar tied to gold, foreign currency tied to dollar,
fixed exchange rate
IMF:
short term financial assistance
stabilization
of world economy
World Bank
: long term loans for development and recostruction
GATT
(1947) Reduction of trade barriers
Washington Consensus 1989
Nixon Shock 1971
USD end convertion to gold
floating exchange rate
condition for financial help/loans
fully open-up markets
ccompetitive exchange rates
deregulation
cut public spending
no import tariffs
Trilemma
Hyperglobalization - nation-state - democracy
cannot accur all togheter
Bretton Woods
Global democracy
Golden straight-jacket
COLD WAR
Capitalism
Rostow 5 Stages of development 1951
nation state, theory of modernization
Communism
Marx Communism Stages 1875
EUROPEAN UNION
Why?
Soviet treath
Avoid another war
American dominance
"european identity"
Main dates
1949
1951
1957
1992
1985
2007
1979
crisis
national interest
eurozone crisis 2009
weak governance
migration crisis 2015