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comparison of approaches - Coggle Diagram
comparison of approaches
views on development
in terms of child development the psychodynamic approach presents the most coherent theory of development with the use of psychosexual stages although freud did not see any futher development after the gential stage starts
stage theories within the cognitive approach have helped contribute to our understanding of child development for example schemas start forming as children get older
maturation is a important prinicple within the biological approach whereby genetically determined changes in a childs physiological status influence psychological and behavioural characteristics
humanastic psychologists see the development of te self as ongoing throughout life a childs relatioinship with parents is seen as a key determinant of psychological health
finally the behavourist approach and SLT dont have any coherent theories on development but instead see the processs that underpines learning as a continious process that occurs at any age
nature vs nurture
behaviourists categorised babies as blank slates at birth and suggest that all behaviour comes from learned associations
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the biological approach aruges from a position that anatomy is destiny and behaviour is a result from genetics
reductionism refers to the belief that human behaviour can be easily broken down into constituent parts the opposing view is holism that phenoma are best explained by the interplay and interaction of many different factors.
behavourism is reductiniost in the sense that it breaks up behaviour into stimilus response units for ease of testing in labs
the biological approach is reductioniost in the way that it explains human behaviour at the level of gene or neurone
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the cogntive approach has been accused of machine reductionism by presenting humans as information processing units
social learning theorists reduce complex learning to a handful of key processes such as imitation and modelling they do place focus on cognitive factors that mediate learning.
determinism is often confused with reductionism but quite distinct from it determinism proposes that all behaviour has an external or internal cause and is thus predictable
the behaviourism approach sees all behaviour as environmentally determined by externa influences that we are unable to control
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social learning theorists suggest that behaviour is reciprocal dertimiism the idea is that we exert some control on our enviorment but are still influenced by it
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