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West Africa - Coggle Diagram
West Africa
Drivers of the crisis
34.85 million people facing high levels of food insecurity due to persistent conflicts in border areas, like the Lake Chad Basin and Central Sahel.
The main driver in six countries: Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Mali, Niger, and Nigeria
Displacement, disrupted agriculture, and trade further exacerbate the situation.
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Rising global food, fuel, and fertilizer prices, combined with trade restrictions, led to record high food prices in several countries
6.6 million people facing high levels of food insecurity due to unsustainable debt, slow growth, and the impact of COVID-19 and the Ukraine war
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Flooding affected 7.05 million people in 14 countries, with severe impacts in Nigeria and Chad
Food, nutrition and displacement crisis in the Lake Chad Basin
The Lake Chad Basin is facing a severe humanitarian crisis due to a decade-long insurgency, exacerbated by climate change, poverty, and underdevelopment.
The Boko Haram insurgency has resulted in widespread violence, abductions, displacement, and food insecurity, particularly in northeastern Nigeria.
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In 2022, an estimated 5.3 million people were in crisis or worse, with over 700,000 in emergency.
The crisis is expected to worsen in 2023, with over 5.6 million projected to be in crisis or worse.
The conflict has also led to a displacement crisis, with millions internally displaced and hundreds of thousands seeking refuge in neighboring countries.
The situation is further complicated by alarming malnutrition rates, particularly among children, with over 380,000 children under 5 severely wasted across the region.
The delivery of humanitarian aid is hampered by insecurity and inaccessibility, particularly in Borno state, Nigeria.
Food, nutrition and displacement crisis in the Central Sahel
The Central Sahel region, encompassing Mali, Burkina Faso, and western Niger, faces a dire humanitarian crisis.
Conflict has escalated since 2019, disrupting livelihoods, displacing populations, and hindering access to basic services.
This has led to a significant increase in food insecurity, with over 7 million people experiencing crisis or worse levels of acute food insecurity in 2022.
The situation has been exacerbated by the disruption of pastoralist movements, resulting in land use conflicts and livestock losses.
While food availability is expected to improve slightly in the coming months, a worrying number of people in conflict-affected areas are projected to face catastrophic levels of food insecurity due to market disruptions and limited humanitarian access.
In addition, widespread malnutrition among children and women is a significant concern due to limited access to healthcare and social services.
The situation is expected to worsen in 2023, with an increasing number of people seeking asylum in North Africa and Europe.
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Introduction
In 2022, a record-breaking 41.45 million people across 15 countries faced high levels of acute food insecurity, a near 40% increase from 2021. This surge was driven by several factors, including conflict, climate shocks, and economic instability.