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CHANGING FAMILY PATTERNS - Coggle Diagram
CHANGING FAMILY PATTERNS
MARRIAGE
THEORIES/THEORISTS
- GREER: ghastly figure of the bride- ring= ownership (father-> husband- reminds the world who you belong to), white= pure
STATISTICS
- average marriage has increased since 70s
- civil marriage has outnumbered religious ceremonies since 1992. pre-pandemic the ratio was 81.8%: 18.2%
- average marriage age increased from 34.3-35.3 for men and 32.9-33.2 for women
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DIVORCE
THEORIES/THEORISTS
- NEW RIGHT: divorce undermined the Nuclear Family and is generally undesirable
- FEMINISM: divorce promotes female liberation and supports the matrilocal/matrifocal household
- POSTMODERNISM/INDIVIDUALISATION THESIS: believed there is no constraint to a family, thus divorce/family is a freedom of choice
- FUNCTIONALISM: divorce is a problem but still not a serious threat as you can always just remarry
- INTERACTIONISM: the concept of divorce cant be generalised, and you must assess the very meaning of marriage
- PERSONAL LIFE PERSPECTIVE: the family can adapt to divorce as there is meaning attached to it
STATISTICS
- grounds for divorce were equalised for men and women in 1923
- study of 2000 never-married adults and 905 couples married in the era of online dating (2000)- asked how much they dis/agreed with 12 reasons for marriage: "family pressure" had a higher divorce probability of 34% compared to 23% of couples that didnt identify this. "just kinds happened" had a 29% probability of divorce compared to 22% who disagreed.
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COHABITATION
THEORIES/THEORISTS
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FUNCTIONALISM: contributes to family instability which harms social order but also is seen as a step towards marriage
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BAUMAN: in a consumer society, it reflects unstable, short-term desires. Relationships, like products may be quickly discarded, driven by immediate gratification and constant change
RITZER: ‘cathedrals of consumption’ promote this by encouraging shared consumer culture, self-service, and collective belief in consumption’s transformative power and abundance. ‘McDonaldisation’ emphasizes efficiency and standardization over meaningful relationships, which may erode trad family dynamics and communal living values in a fast-paced, globalized society
BAUDRILLARD: ‘pick and mix identities’ highlight how partners shape relationships/identites based on consumer-driven choices rather than trad ones
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TRENDS
- ONS says cohabiting couples in 1996 surpassed lone-parents by 2018, reaching 2.6M + mostly among youth + increased by 16% in last few years for 25-29yr olds
PATTERNS ON THE RISE
- same-sex relationships: Census 2011 said- 476,000 living in this by 2021, showing increase since 2011 + grew by 1.3% since 2011 whilst opposite grew by 27.6%, partly due to marriage options + legal same-sex partnerships nearly doubled (0.5-0.9%) in 2021- more females (34.4%) than males (32.2%)
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