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protein synthesis 1 - Coggle Diagram
protein synthesis 1
Once the code from the alb gene is at the ribosome, tRNA plays a crucial role in synthesizing serum albumin. Here’s how it works:
Initiation: The ribosome assembles around the mRNA transcript, which contains the codons that correspond to the sequence of the serum albumin protein.
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Each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid that corresponds to a codon on the mRNA. For serum albumin, the mRNA will have multiple codons, each specifying an amino acid.
The tRNA's anticodon region pairs with the complementary codon on the mRNA. For example, if the codon is AUG (the start codon), the tRNA with the anticodon UAC will bind to it.
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As the ribosome moves along the mRNA, each new tRNA brings in the appropriate amino acid, which is added to the growing polypeptide chain.
The ribosome catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids, linking them together to form the protein.
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This process continues, with tRNA molecules bringing in amino acids corresponding to each successive codon on the mRNA. The ribosome facilitates the correct positioning of each tRNA so that the anticodon-codon pairing occurs accurately.
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When the ribosome reaches a stop codon on the mRNA, the translation process concludes. The complete polypeptide chain, now folded into the functional serum albumin protein, is released.
In summary, tRNA helps in the production of serum albumin by bringing the correct amino acids to the ribosome based on the mRNA code. This ensures the protein is synthesized accurately according to the genetic instructions.
alb gene
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Transcription: The alb gene is located in the DNA of a cell's nucleus. During transcription, RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of the gene and synthesizes a messenger RNA (mRNA) strand based on the DNA template. This process involves the conversion of the DNA code (composed of bases A, T, C, and G) into an RNA code (with uracil replacing thymine).
RNA Processing: In eukaryotic cells, the initial mRNA transcript (pre-mRNA) undergoes processing. This includes the addition of a 5' cap, the addition of a poly-A tail, and the splicing out of introns (non-coding regions). The final processed mRNA is then ready to be transported out of the nucleus.
Export from the Nucleus: The mature mRNA molecule exits the nucleus through the nuclear pore and enters the cytoplasm, where ribosomes are located.
Translation Initiation: The ribosome binds to the 5' cap of the mRNA. The ribosome scans the mRNA for the start codon (AUG), which signals the beginning of protein synthesis.
Translation: Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules, which carry specific amino acids, recognize the codons on the mRNA through their anticodons. As the ribosome moves along the mRNA, tRNA molecules bring in the appropriate amino acids, which are linked together to form the protein serum albumin.
No, amino acids are not joined together during transcription. Transcription is the process in which DNA is used as a template to synthesize messenger RNA (mRNA). This occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and involves RNA polymerase.
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