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QUESTIONNAIRES AND OBSERVATIONS :star: - Coggle Diagram
QUESTIONNAIRES AND OBSERVATIONS
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KEY TERMS
Secondary data
- sources of information, data, or evidence that are derived from or based on primary sources, often through analysis, interpretation or synthesis.
Primary data
- original or first hand sources of information, data or evidence that provides direct insight into a topic or issue
WHAT ARE THEY?
- questionnaires
A set list of questions, asked in the same way every time.
They are usually self- completion but can be done over the phone or face to face.
Usually consist of mainly closed questions which creates quantitative data.
STRENGTHS
. They are relatively cheap compared to interviews
.High reliability
.Ethical considerations
They are relatively quick to conduct compared to interviews
.They obtain quantitative data
.They can be geographically widespread
WEAKNESSES
.No way of stopping research if someone is upset
.Lacks validity
.Questions may be misunderstood
They obtain quantitative data
Response rate can be low- these are particularly an issue as the smaller the number of responses, the less likely it is that the data will be representative
OBSERVATIONS-
what are they?
An observation is where you observe people in a situation and record information.
They provide qualitative data
They can be done in a number of ways
PARTICIPANT
- advantages
. groups are observed in a natural and authentic setting, therefore the data is more likely to be a true account of the groups behaviour.
Data generated is rich in detail and offers insight into social behavior.
Empathetic understanding.
Flexibility and generating new ideas based around the situation and is easy to access.
DISADVANTAGES
Being open minded and subjective research, there is no fixed procedure or standardized system of measurement and cannot be replicated.
Most participant observations investigate small-scale groups that are not representative of the winder population.
The Hawthorne effect- due to how the observer is likely to affect the groups behavior, and the researcher is at risk of 'going native' meaning the researcher over identifies with the group .
It is difficult to ensure the anonymity with the group.