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Rationalism vs Empiricism - Coggle Diagram
Rationalism vs Empiricism
Rationalism
implications of rationalism
follows the mind
prioritizes knowledge that was inherently in our minds
logic/reasoning
limitations of rationalism
there is potential for dogmatism
cannot come to a conclusion when handling complex situations
emotions can affect the perspectives
Descartes
principle of sufficient reason
knowledge is a conviction based on a reason so strong that it cannot be shaken by any stronger reason
innate knowledge
knowledge is obtained from reasoning, logic, and rational thought
humans are born with retinal capabilities
prioritizes knowledge bases on rational thought rather than experience
sensory experiences only allow individuals to view the world at the surface level
"I think, therefore I am."
areas of knowledge
maths
philosophy
history
religious studies
Empiricism
implications of empiricism
all ideas are either simple or complex
simple ideas are empirical
complex ideas are reducible to simple ideas
limitations of empiricism
hard to understand complex phenomena that is hard to observe or measure
our senses could be manipulated
memory is inherently biased
Locke
knowledge based on experience
understanding of the world is baed on sensory experience
perceiving, thinking, doubting, willing, knowing, reasoning, believing
empirical evidence
knowledge is only obtained from experiments on the natural world
gather data to test hypothesis
tabula rasa
minds are initially in a blank state, with experiences shaping knowledge
areas of knowledge
art
history
natural sciences
human sciences
sound knowledge
we can gain logical truth from rationalism and support it through empirical testing. We cannot solely trust one as the one source of knowledge.
the two theories are not mutually exclusive. Rationalism provides a scaffolding of theories and empiricism fills the unknown using experiments and tests.
overall, sound knowledge should all have deductive reasoning, and also sensory experiences and evidence to prove that it is true through a variety of tests, such as the coherence test, correspondence test, correlation test or the pragmatic test.
