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Key periods and main features of British history …
Key periods and main features of British history
Мармалєвська Вероніка
1. Prehistoric Britain (Before 43 AD)
Main Features:
Nomadic hunter-gatherers
Megalithic constructions (e.g., Stonehenge)
Tribal societies like Celts, Picts, and Britons
Language Changes:
No written records of language from this time.
The population likely spoke early Celtic languages or proto-Celtic dialects.
2. Roman Britain (43 - 410 AD)
Main Features:
Roman invasion led by Emperor Claudius
Introduction of Roman culture, roads, baths, and Hadrian’s Wall
Romanization of the island with towns like
Londinium (London)
Notable Figures:
:
Boudicca
Leader of the Iceni tribe, led a revolt against Roman rule.
Julius Agricola:
Roman general who advanced the conquest of Britain.
Anglo-Saxon England (410 - 1066 AD)
Main Features:
Migration of Angles, Saxons, and Jutes from Northern Europe
Kingdoms like Wessex, Mercia, and Northumbria emerge.
The spread of Christianity
(St. Augustine's mission in 597 AD).
Language Changes:
Old English (Anglo-Saxon)
Old English (Anglo-Saxon) was formed from the Germanic dialects of the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes.
The epic poem Beowulf
is written in Old English.
Heavy use of inflection and runic alphabets (until Latin script was introduced with Christianity).
Viking Invasions & Danelaw (793 - 1066 AD)
Main Features:
Viking raids begin in 793 (Lindisfarne raid).
Establishment of the Danelaw in northern and eastern England.
Intermittent wars between Anglo-Saxons and Vikings.
Language Changes:
Influence of Old Norse on Old English, particularly in vocabulary (e.g., words like "sky," "give," and "take").
Many place names in northern England show Norse roots (e.g., "-by" as in "Derby").
Notable Figures:
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Main Features:
Battle of Hastings: William the Conqueror defeats Harold II.
The feudal system is established.
Construction of castles (e.g., the Tower of London)
Language Changes:
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Notable Figures:
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Domesday Book (1086 AD),
a comprehensive survey of England.
Norman Conquest (1066 AD)
