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Intelligence - Coggle Diagram

- - - - problem-solving, gaining knowledge
      - dominates the discussion about intelligence
- - - - Galton
        
        measured sensory thresholds as indicators of intelligence
      - Binet
        
        founder of intelligence testing
        
        Binet-Simon Scale of Intelligence
        
        to determine the mental age of children, identify those who need help
      - Terman
        
        Stanford-Binet scale, standardised testing, comparing results with representative individual in each age group
      - Stern
        
        IQ - Intelligence Quotient
        
        actual age divided by mental age x 100
        
        only works for children
    - - Spearman
        
        through factor analysis
        
        general intelligence (g)
        
        positive manifold = those who perform well on a cognitive task, perform well on others as well, indicating a general intelligence factor.
        
        s - specific abilities
      - Wechsler
        
        scales with increasing difficulty
        
        Deviation IQ
        
        Actual score divided by expected score for age x 100
    - - Thurstone
        
        seven primary mental abilities
      - Cattell
        
        two-factor theory
        
        fluid inteligence
        
        seeing relationships between ideas, problem-solving through reasoning, decreases as we get older
        
        crystallised inteligence
        
        actual factual knowledge, from school and life. accumulative, increases over time, less affected by brain damage.