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12-4b - Coggle Diagram
12-4b
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Land of Gold
By 800, Ghana had become an empire. Ghana's king controlled trade and commanded a large army, able to demand taxes and gifts from the chiefs of surrounding lands.
As long as the chiefs made their payments, the king left them in peace to rule their own people.
In the kings palace, he stored gold nuggest and slabs of salt (collected as taxes). Only the king had the right to own gold nuggest, though hold dust freely circulated in the marketplace.
Meaning this, the king limited the supply of gold and kept its price from falling.
Ghan's African ruler acted as a religious leader, chief judge, and military commander. He headed a large bureaucracy and could call up a huge army.
In 1067, a Muslim geographer and scholar names al-Bakri wrote a description of Ghana's royal court.
Empire of Ghana
By AD 200, trade across the Sahara had existed for centuries. However,
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conditions. Most pack animals—oxen, donkeys, and horses—could not
travel very far in the hot, dry Sahara without rest or water. Then, in the
third century AD, Berber nomads began using camels. The camel could
plod steadily over much longer distances than other pack animals, cover-
ing as much as 60 miles in a day. In addition, it could travel more than ten
days without water, twice as long as most pack animals. With the camel,
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tured agricultural tools, weaponry, and other implements. The iron weap-
ons helped West African empires keep order on the trade routes, providing
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production, and agricultural surplus could be traded. Plentiful food also
meant that more people could specialize in areas such as metalworking,
trading, or administration. By the 11th century, Arabic writing became
important for recording contracts, sharing information, and keeping
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goods, and canoes were used to carry materials and goods along the Niger
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their ruler ghana, or war chief. Muslim traders began to use the word to
refer to the Soninke region. By the 700s, Ghana was a kingdom, and its
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