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FROM THE NORMAN CONQUEST TO THE MIDDLE AGES - Coggle Diagram
FROM THE NORMAN CONQUEST TO THE MIDDLE AGES
battle of hastings
William the Conqueror
invaded England
appointed king on Christmas Day 1066
was defeated and killed King Harold
14 October 1066
cause of the changes
England's history
England was unified for the first time
language
hierarchical feudal system
introduced by king William I
each man had promise loyalty to his lord
king
apex of hierarchical
barons
recived land by king
promised to serve the king in war
knights
they received lands from the barons in exchange they participated in the wars
peasants
90% of population
work the land for free
castle
symbol of wealth and power
administrative centre to control the land
Domesday book
registered all the possessions of the people
it allowed taxes to be paid based on income
1086
The clash with the church
william I appointed norman bishops to replace the saxons
conflict with the church begins
first open crash
Henry II Plantagenet
characterised by major legal reforms
body of legal rules
Common Law
was judged on equal terms
Constitutions of Clarendon
1164
code of laws that reduced the power of the church
set of national courts
from 1154 to 1189
Thomas Becket, the archbishop of Canterbury
refused to sign the new bill and escapes to France
returned in 1170
he was murdered by the king's 4 knights
in Canterbury Cathedral
martyr and saint
pilgrims started to visit his shrine
Richard I and the third crusade
from the late 11th century
crusades
series of military expeditions intended to retake control of holy lands
Richard I
called lionheart for his courage
son of Henry II
first king to participate directly in the crusades